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Capstone vs. Thesis: What’s the Difference and Which One Is Right for You?

When it comes to completing your degree, you might hear about two big projects: a capstone and a thesis. Both are important, but they serve different purposes and have different processes. Understanding these differences can help you decide which one is right for you based on your interests and career goals.

Key Takeaways

• A thesis focuses on original research to add new knowledge to a field.
• A capstone project applies what you've learned to solve real-world problems.
• Theses are usually longer and more detailed than capstone projects.
• Capstone projects can take various forms, like reports or presentations.
• Choosing between a capstone and a thesis depends on your personal interests and future plans.

Understanding The Concept Of A Thesis

Definition and purpose.

A thesis is a formal document that presents your original research on a specific topic. It serves as a significant milestone in your academic journey , showcasing your ability to conduct thorough research and articulate your findings. Essentially, a thesis statement is usually one or two complete sentences describing the precise question or issue you will discuss in your paper. This statement acts as a roadmap for your readers, guiding them through your arguments and conclusions.

Key Components

A well-structured thesis typically includes several key components:

• Introduction : Introduces the topic and its significance.
• Literature Review : Discusses existing research related to your topic.
• Methodology : Outlines the methods used in your research.
• Results : Presents the findings of your study.
• Discussion and Conclusion : Analyzes the results and suggests further research areas.

Importance In Academic Research

Completing a thesis is crucial for several reasons:

• Contribution to Knowledge : Your research adds new insights to your field.
• Development of Critical Skills : You enhance your research, writing, and analytical skills.
• Enhancement of Academic Reputation : A well-executed thesis can elevate your standing in the academic community.

In summary, a thesis is not just a requirement; it is a vital part of your academic and professional development. By engaging deeply with your topic, you prepare yourself for future challenges in your career and contribute meaningfully to your field. For more resources on thesis writing, consider visiting Research Rebels, which offers valuable tips and guidance for students and researchers alike.

Exploring The Nature Of A Capstone Project

Definition and objectives.

A capstone project is a significant academic endeavor that students typically undertake in their final year. It allows you to apply the knowledge and skills you've gained throughout your studies to tackle real-world problems. The main goal is to demonstrate your ability to integrate and synthesize your learning in a practical context.

Types Of Capstone Projects

Capstone projects can take various forms, including:

• Research Papers : In-depth studies on specific topics.
• Creative Works : Artistic projects that showcase your skills.
• Internships : Practical experiences in a professional setting.
• Field Placement Projects : Hands-on work in community or organizational settings.

Each type serves to highlight your unique abilities and interests.

Real-World Applications

Capstone projects are not just academic exercises; they have real-world implications. For instance, a marketing student might develop a strategic plan for a new product launch, while a healthcare student could propose improvements to patient care. These projects often require collaboration and communication, skills that are essential in any career. Additionally, platforms like WhatsApp can facilitate communication among team members, making project management smoother.

In summary, capstone projects are a vital part of your academic journey, providing you with the opportunity to showcase your skills and prepare for your future career. They can also be a source of stress, but resources like the lifetime access to thesis action plan + academic project planner can help you navigate this challenging process effectively.

Comparative Analysis Of Capstone And Thesis

Scope and depth.

When comparing a capstone project and a thesis, the scope and depth of each are significant factors. A thesis typically involves extensive research and aims to contribute new knowledge to a field. In contrast, a capstone project focuses on applying what you've learned to solve real-world problems. Here’s a quick overview:

Research Methodologies

The research methodologies used in a thesis and a capstone project also differ. A thesis often requires rigorous data collection and analysis, while a capstone may involve case studies or project-based work. Here are some common methodologies:

• Experiments
• Literature reviews
• Case studies
• Group projects
• Community engagement

Target Audience

Finally, consider the target audience for each project. A thesis is primarily aimed at an academic audience, including professors and researchers. In contrast, a capstone project is often designed for a broader audience, such as industry professionals or community stakeholders. This difference can influence how you present your findings and the format you choose.

In summary, understanding these differences can help you decide which path aligns better with your academic and career goals. Whether you choose a thesis or a capstone project, both can be valuable experiences that enhance your skills and knowledge.

Evaluating The Importance Of A Thesis

Contribution to knowledge.

A thesis plays a vital role in advancing knowledge within your field. By conducting original research, you contribute new insights that can influence future studies. Your work can fill gaps in existing literature , making it a valuable resource for other researchers.

Development Of Critical Skills

Completing a thesis helps you develop essential skills that are crucial for your academic and professional journey. These skills include:

• Research proficiency : You learn how to gather, analyze, and interpret data effectively.
• Critical thinking : You enhance your ability to evaluate information and make informed decisions.
• Writing and communication : You improve your ability to articulate complex ideas clearly and persuasively.

Enhancement Of Academic Reputation

A well-executed thesis can significantly boost your academic reputation. It demonstrates your commitment to your field and showcases your ability to conduct independent research. This can lead to:

• Opportunities for publication in academic journals.
• Invitations to present at conferences.
• Increased visibility among peers and professionals in your area of study.

In summary, investing time and effort into your thesis is not just about fulfilling a requirement; it is about making a meaningful contribution to your field and enhancing your own skills and reputation.

Assessing The Role Of A Capstone Project

Integration of learning.

A capstone project is a significant part of your academic journey. It allows you to combine all the knowledge and skills you've gained throughout your studies. This integration is crucial because it helps you demonstrate your readiness for the professional world. By working on a capstone, you can show how well you understand your field and how you can apply that knowledge in real-life situations.

Practical Problem Solving

One of the main goals of a capstone project is to tackle real-world problems . You will often work on projects that require you to think critically and come up with practical solutions. This hands-on experience is invaluable as it prepares you for future challenges in your career. For example, you might work on a project that addresses a specific issue in your community or industry, showcasing your ability to make a difference.

Collaboration And Teamwork

Capstone projects often involve working in teams. This collaboration is essential because it mirrors the teamwork you will encounter in your future job. You will learn how to communicate effectively, share responsibilities, and support each other in achieving a common goal. This experience not only enhances your skills but also builds your professional network, which can be beneficial for your career.

In summary, a capstone project is more than just a requirement; it is an opportunity to integrate your learning, solve real problems, and develop teamwork skills that are essential for your future success. By engaging in this process, you are preparing yourself for the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead in your career.

Choosing Between A Capstone And A Thesis

When deciding between a capstone project and a thesis, you should consider several important factors. Both options have unique benefits and challenges that can impact your academic and professional journey.

Factors To Consider

• Purpose : A thesis aims to contribute new knowledge to your field, while a capstone focuses on applying what you've learned to solve real-world problems.
• Scope : Theses are generally more extensive and require in-depth research, whereas capstone projects are often more practical and focused on specific issues.
• Format : Theses follow a traditional academic structure, while capstones can take various forms, including presentations or creative projects.

Personal Interests And Career Goals

• Interest in Research : If you enjoy conducting research and exploring theoretical concepts, a thesis may be more suitable for you. On the other hand, if you prefer hands-on work and practical applications, a capstone might be the better choice.
• Career Aspirations : Consider your future career. Some fields value research experience more than others. For instance, if you aim for a career in academia, a thesis could enhance your credentials.

Institutional Requirements

• Program Guidelines : Check your program's requirements. Some programs may mandate a thesis, while others may offer a choice between a thesis and a capstone project.
• Advisor Recommendations : Consult with your academic advisor. They can provide insights based on your strengths and career goals.

In summary, choosing between a capstone and a thesis involves evaluating your interests, career aspirations, and institutional requirements. By carefully considering these factors, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your academic and professional objectives.

Navigating The Thesis Writing Process

Research proposal development.

When you start your thesis, the first step is to create a research proposal . This document outlines your topic, objectives, and the methods you plan to use. It’s essential to clearly define your research question, as this will guide your entire project. A well-structured proposal can help you stay focused and organized throughout the writing process.

Literature Review Techniques

Next, you’ll need to conduct a literature review. This involves gathering and analyzing existing research related to your topic. Here are some tips to help you:

• Identify key sources : Look for academic journals, books, and credible websites.
• Summarize findings : Take notes on important points and how they relate to your research.
• Organize your review : Create an outline to structure your literature review logically.

Data Analysis And Interpretation

Once you’ve collected your data, it’s time to analyze it. This step is crucial for drawing meaningful conclusions. You might use various methods, such as statistical analysis or thematic analysis, depending on your research type. Remember to interpret your findings in the context of your research question. This will help you articulate the significance of your work.

In summary, navigating the thesis writing process involves careful planning and execution. By following these steps, you can effectively manage your time and resources, making the journey smoother and more rewarding. If you want to learn how to write a thesis fast , consider using tools like the interview research roadmap to streamline your research techniques.

By understanding these components, you’ll be better prepared to tackle your thesis with confidence and clarity.

Completing A Capstone Project Successfully

Project Planning And Management

To successfully complete your capstone project, effective planning is essential . Start by selecting a relevant topic that aligns with your academic interests and program requirements. Here are some steps to guide you:

• Choose a Topic : Identify a topic that is both interesting and feasible. Consider real-world issues that need solutions.
• Create a Schedule : Develop a timeline that outlines key milestones and deadlines.
• Conduct Research : Gather information and resources to support your project.

Engaging Stakeholders

Engaging with stakeholders is crucial for the success of your capstone project. This can include:

• Faculty Advisors : Seek guidance and feedback throughout the process.
• Community Members : Involve those who will benefit from your project to ensure it meets their needs.
• Peers : Collaborate with classmates for support and different perspectives.

Presentation And Defense

Finally, prepare to present and defend your project. This is your opportunity to showcase your hard work. Here are some tips:

• Practice Your Presentation : Rehearse multiple times to build confidence.
• Use Visual Aids : Incorporate slides or charts to enhance understanding.
• Be Ready for Questions : Anticipate questions from your audience and prepare thoughtful responses.

By following these steps, you can navigate the complexities of your capstone project and achieve a successful outcome. Remember, the journey is just as important as the destination, so stay organized and focused on your goals!

Future Implications Of Completing A Thesis

Career advancement opportunities.

Completing a thesis can significantly enhance your career prospects. Employers often value the skills you develop during this process, such as critical thinking, research, and writing. These skills are essential in many fields, making you a more attractive candidate.

Further Academic Pursuits

If you plan to continue your education, a thesis can be a stepping stone. Many doctoral programs require a thesis as part of the admission process. It demonstrates your ability to conduct independent research, which is crucial for advanced studies.

Contribution To Professional Fields

Your thesis can also contribute to your professional field. By addressing relevant issues, you can provide insights that may influence practices or policies. This can lead to recognition in your field and open doors for collaboration.

Long-Term Benefits Of A Capstone Project

Skill Development

A capstone project is a fantastic way to develop practical skills that can significantly impact your future career. By engaging in real-world problems, you gain hands-on experience that is often more valuable than traditional classroom learning. This experience can be the career equivalent of discovering the hidden potential within yourself.

Networking Opportunities

Working on a capstone project often involves collaboration with industry professionals and peers. This opens doors for networking, which can lead to job opportunities and mentorship. Building these connections can be crucial for your career advancement.

Portfolio Enhancement

Completing a capstone project allows you to create a tangible piece of work that showcases your skills and knowledge. This can be a powerful addition to your portfolio, demonstrating your ability to tackle complex problems and deliver results. A well-documented project can impress potential employers and set you apart in a competitive job market.

Summary Table of Long-Term Benefits

In conclusion, engaging in a capstone project not only enhances your academic experience but also prepares you for the professional world. The skills, connections, and portfolio enhancements you gain can make a lasting difference in your career journey.

Common Challenges In Thesis And Capstone Projects

Time management issues.

Managing your time effectively is crucial when working on a thesis or capstone project. Many students struggle to balance their academic responsibilities with personal commitments. Creating a detailed schedule can help you allocate time for research, writing, and revisions, ensuring that you stay on track.

Research Limitations

Both thesis and capstone projects often face research limitations . This can include a lack of available data, difficulty accessing resources, or constraints in your research methodology. It's essential to identify these limitations early on and adjust your project scope accordingly.

Stress And Anxiety Management

The pressure to perform well can lead to significant stress and anxiety. Many students experience feelings of overwhelm during the writing process. To combat this, consider implementing stress-reduction techniques such as regular breaks, exercise, or mindfulness practices. Additionally, utilizing resources like the Thesis Dialogue Blueprint can provide guidance and support throughout your journey.

Summary Table of Common Challenges

By recognizing these challenges and developing strategies to address them, you can enhance your chances of successfully completing your thesis or capstone project.

Writing a thesis or capstone project can be tough. Many students face issues like stress, confusion, and tight deadlines. But you don’t have to go through it alone! Our website offers a simple step-by-step plan to help you tackle these challenges. Don’t let anxiety hold you back— visit us today and discover how we can support you in your academic journey!

Final Thoughts

In summary, both capstone projects and theses are important parts of higher education, but they serve different purposes. A thesis is focused on creating new knowledge through research, while a capstone project applies what you've learned to real-world problems. Choosing between the two depends on your interests and career goals. If you enjoy research and want to contribute to your field, a thesis might be the right choice. On the other hand, if you prefer hands-on projects that solve practical issues, a capstone could be a better fit. Understanding these differences can help you make an informed decision that aligns with your academic and professional aspirations.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a thesis.

A thesis is a long paper that presents original research on a specific topic. It shows what you have learned and contributes new ideas to your field.

What is a capstone project?

A capstone project is a final project that combines all the skills and knowledge you've gained during your studies. It often addresses a real-world problem.

How do I choose between a thesis and a capstone project?

Think about your interests and career goals. If you prefer research, a thesis might be better. If you like practical applications, consider a capstone.

What are the main differences between a thesis and a capstone?

A thesis is more research-focused and aims to add new knowledge, while a capstone is practical and applies what you've learned to solve a problem.

Is writing a thesis harder than doing a capstone project?

It depends on your strengths. A thesis requires deep research, while a capstone focuses on applying skills to real situations.

Can I collaborate with others on a capstone project?

Yes! Capstone projects often involve teamwork, allowing you to work with peers or professionals.

What skills do I develop from a thesis?

Writing a thesis helps improve your research, critical thinking, and writing skills, which are valuable in many careers.

What benefits come from completing a capstone project?

A capstone project enhances your problem-solving skills, gives you real-world experience, and can help you build a professional network.

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Home » Education » What is the Difference Between Capstone and Thesis

What is the Difference Between Capstone and Thesis

The main difference between capstone and thesis is that capstone involves using existing knowledge to solve a problem in a particular field of study, whereas thesis is more scholarly in nature and contribute new knowledge to a particular field of study

Both capstone and thesis serve as the final projects of an academic course. They require a long-term commitment as students will have to spend a lot of time on their research. When done successfully, they can serve as the basis of a student’s professional portfolio.

Key Areas Covered

1.  What is a Capstone       – Definition, Features 2.  What is a Thesis     – Definition, Features 3.  Difference Between Capstone and Thesis      – Comparison of Key Differences

What is a Capstone

A capstone is a multilayered project that serves as a culminating academic experience for students, typically at the end of an academic program. Moreover, a capstone project may take many forms. In such projects, students select a topic or social problem that interests them, conduct research on that subject, record the results or findings, create a final product, showcasing their conclusions, as well as their learning acquisition. The final product can take many forms, such as papers, multimedia presentations, and short films. Students may also have to do an oral presentation on the project in front of a panel of teachers and experts who will evaluate the quality of the project.

Capstone projects encourage students to think critically and face challenges. They can also develop skills such as research skills, media literacy, teamwork, planning, goal setting, oral communication, public speaking, and self-sufficiency. These skills will help students in their careers as well as adult life. Furthermore, these projects tend to be interdisciplinary, i.e., students have to use various skills and research issues across many different domains of knowledge.

What is a Thesis

A thesis or dissertation is a long research paper that typically serves as the final project for a university degree. Submitting a thesis is generally required for completing undergraduate honours, masters , and doctoral degrees . The theses are very long and may contain hundreds of pages. They are also scholarly in nature and allows students to contribute valuable research in their field of study.

Moreover, a major part of a thesis work involves research and writing. It generally has advanced research design and analysis. When writing a thesis, the students will have to prove or disapprove a hypothesis , and their conclusions have to be backed by extensive research and an insightful, learned description of how they got to that conclusion. In some degree programs, students also have to perform an oral defence of the thesis paper in front of a panel of experts.

Parts of a Thesis

These are the components you will usually find in a thesis paper.

• Title Page                       
• Abstract           
• Table of Contents           
• List of Figures
• List of Tables           
• Introduction           
• Methods           
• Discussion             
• Conclusions
• Recommendations           
• Acknowledgements
• References             

Difference Between Capstone and Thesis

A capstone is a multilayered project that serves as a culminating academic experience for students, typically at the end of an academic program, whereas a thesis is a long research paper that typically serves as the final project for a university degree.

A thesis is more scholarly in nature than a capstone project.

Level of Education

Capstone projects can be done by high school students, college students, etc., whereas theses are required in higher levels of academia, usually in undergraduate honours degrees, masters, or doctorate levels.

Final Product

In a capstone project, the final product can take many forms, for example, paper, multimedia presentation, short film, etc. However, in a thesis, the final product is always a paper.

A capstone is a multilayered project that serves as a culminating academic experience for students, typically at the end of an academic program, whereas a thesis is a long research paper that typically serves as the final project for a university degree. Moreover, a thesis is more scholarly in nature than a capstone project. Therefore, this is is the main difference between capstone and thesis.

1. Stute, Martin. “ How to Write Your Thesis .” How to Write a Thesis. 2. “ Capstone Project Definition .” The Glossary of Education Reform, 23 Mar. 2016.

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Dissertation vs Thesis vs Capstone Project What’s the difference?

By: Derek Jansen (MBA) | Expert Reviewed By: Dr. Eunice Rautenbach | October 2020

At Grad Coach, we receive questions about dissertation and thesis writing on a daily basis – everything from how to find a good research topic to which research methods to use  and how to analyse the data.

One of the most common questions we receive is “what’s the difference between a dissertation and thesis?” . If you look around online, you’ll find a lot of confusing and often contrasting answers. In this post we’ll clear it up, once and for all…

Need a helping hand?

Dissertation vs Thesis: Showdown Time

Before comparing dissertations to theses, it’s useful to first understand what both of these are and what they have in common .

Dissertations and theses are both formal academic research projects . In other words, they’re academic projects that involve you undertaking research in a structured, systematic way. The research process typically involves the following steps :

• Asking a well-articulated and meaningful research question (or questions).
• Assessing what other researchers have said in relation to that question (this is usually called a literature review – you can learn more about that up here).
• Undertaking your own research using a clearly justified methodology – this often involves some sort of fieldwork such as interviews or surveys – and lastly,
• Deriving an answer to your research question based on your analysis.

In other words, theses and dissertations are both formal, structured research projects that involve using a clearly articulated methodology to draw out insights and answers to your research questions . So, in this respect, they are, for the most part, the same thing.

But, how are they different then?

Well, the key difference between a dissertation and a thesis is, for the most part, the level of study – in other words, undergrad, master or PhD. By extension, this also means that the complexity and rigorousness of the research differs between dissertations and theses.

So, which is which?

This is where it gets a bit confusing. The meaning of dissertation or thesis varies depending on the country or region of study. For example, in the UK, a dissertation is generally a research project that’s completed at the end of a Masters-level degree, whereas a thesis is completed for a Doctoral-level degree.

Conversely, the terminology is flipped around in the US (and some other countries). In other words, a thesis is completed for a Masters-level degree, while a dissertation is completed for PhD (or any other doctoral-level degree).

Simply put, a dissertation and a thesis are essentially the same thing, but at different levels of study . The exact terminology varies from country to country, and sometimes it even varies between universities in the same country. Some universities will also refer to this type of project as a capstone project . In addition, some universities will also require an oral exam or viva voce , especially for doctoral-level projects. 

Given that there are more than 25,000 universities scattered across the globe, all of this terminological complexity can cause some confusion. To be safe, make sure that you thoroughly read the brief provided by your university for your dissertation or thesis, and if possible, visit the university library to have a look at past students’ projects . This will help you get a feel for your institution’s norms and spot any nuances in terms of their specific requirements so that you can give them exactly what they want.

Let’s recap

Dissertations and theses are both formal academic research projects . The main difference is the level of study – undergrad, Masters or PhD. Terminology tends to vary from country to country, and even within countries.

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Get in touch with a friendly Grad Coach to discuss how we can help you fast-track your dissertation or thesis today. Book a free, no-obligation consultation here.

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This post was based on one of our popular Research Bootcamps . If you're working on a research project, you'll definitely want to check this out ...

GRADCOACH youtube and materials are awesome for new researchers. Keep posting such materials so that many new researchers can benefit form them.

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Understanding the Differences Between Dissertation, Thesis, and Capstone Projects

If you’re pursuing an advanced degree, you may be required to complete a dissertation, thesis, or capstone project as part of your program. While these projects share some similarities, there are also important differences to understand.

A dissertation is typically required for a doctoral degree, while a thesis is required for a master’s degree. Both involve extensive research, data collection and analysis, and a written report that contributes to the body of knowledge in the field of study. A capstone project, on the other hand, is typically a culminating project required for a variety of undergraduate and graduate degree programs. It may involve original research, but can also take the form of a creative project or a community service project.

• Dissertation: A dissertation is a research project required to complete a doctoral degree program. It is a comprehensive study that contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the field of study. A dissertation typically involves original research, data collection and analysis, and a written report that is expected to make a significant contribution to the field of study.
• Thesis: A thesis is a research project required to complete a master’s degree program. It is usually a shorter and less complex study compared to a dissertation. A thesis may involve original research, but it can also be a literature review, a case study, or a critical analysis of existing research in the field of study.
• Capstone: A capstone is a culminating project required to complete a degree program. It is typically undertaken in the final year of study and integrates the knowledge and skills gained throughout the program. A capstone can take various forms, such as a research project, a creative work, or a community service project. It is designed to demonstrate the student’s ability to apply what they have learned to real-world problems.

To successfully complete a dissertation, thesis, or capstone project, it’s important to have a clear understanding of the project’s purpose and requirements. For example, a dissertation will require a more extensive literature review, data collection, and data analysis than a thesis or capstone project. A thesis may require more original research than a capstone project, but less than a dissertation.

In addition, it’s important to work closely with your advisor or instructor throughout the project to ensure that you are meeting the requirements and expectations. You may also want to consider seeking out additional resources, such as writing support or statistical analysis services, to help you complete the project successfully.

By understanding the differences between dissertation, thesis, and capstone projects, and approaching each project with a clear plan and support, you can successfully complete your degree program and contribute to the body of knowledge in your field. In summary, a dissertation is a research project required to complete a doctoral degree program, a thesis is a research project required to complete a master’s degree program, and a capstone is a culminating project required to complete a degree program.

Capstone Vs. Thesis: Understanding the Differences

The capstone vs. thesis dilemma confuses many university students who are approaching the completion of their programs. While both mean a lot in proving that you are a master in your field, they will lead you toward different purposes and have distinct features. A capstone project usually requires some practical experience. Teams of students work together to solve a real problem in the world or finish a project by practically applying their knowledge gained from academics. This approach is all collaboration and practical skills, allowing one to express their learned skills practically.

In contrast, a thesis is more research-oriented. A thesis requires an extended amount of readings, collection of data, and analysis to add new knowledge to your field. Unlike capstone projects, theses are individual efforts. It is the route that deeply takes one into a subject matter area, typically culminating in a lengthy written document. This article will highlight the critical differences when comparing capstone vs. thesis to help you make a proper decision.

What is a capstone project?

The capstone project is one interesting assignment that provides an experience of being a culminating academic experience. When done in the last year or any final semester, a capstone project generally identifies a problem existing in the real world. It proposes to solve this problem with practical applications of theoretically acquired knowledge. It is usually presented as a research paper, presentation, or even creative work.

Through capstone projects, students apply the skills and knowledge they have acquired throughout school. This allows them to present their abilities tangibly. For instance, an engineering student will design and build a prototype, while a business student will create a business plan.

Fundamental Features that Define a Capstone Project

Real-world application: One engages in finding solutions to a practical problem. Students offer solutions to real problems, thus making the work relevant and impactful. This pragmatic approach will ensure that all theoretical knowledge obtained during his studies is applied, providing some real benefits to his community or respective industries.

Collaboration: In most cases, capstone projects usually involve teamwork and sometimes even cross-disciplinary efforts. This collaboration builds paramount skills for professional settings: the capability of working as a team. Students working with peers from other disciplines bring wide variances of perspectives and diversity in solution options, hence improving the quality and creativity of the project.

Presentation: This usually concludes with a presentation to faculty or industry professionals, whereby the students obtain valuable feedback. The presentation aspect also helps refine their communication skills, which are very important in any professional setting. This enables the articulation of process and impact findings with clarity and confidence.

Length and scope: Capstone projects are typically more concise. Although a capstone is not completely sans research, it places less emphasis on it. It is readily manageable within a short period. Because of this brevity, students manage to complete a capstone within the constraints of their final academic year and still produce significant work. This very concise nature lets students focus on delivering quality solutions and not get overwhelmed by the scale of the project.

What is a Thesis?

A thesis is an extended research paper that most programs require to complete the degree requirements. It involves in-depth coverage of available literature, formulation of hypotheses, formation of original research, and presentation of the results in a structured format.

These theses will require extensive interaction with scholarly articles, books, and other previously published sources of materials. Thus, students will present a solid theoretical basis that gives meaning to their research. Through an examination of available literature, students can identify insufficiencies in the present knowledge and areas that need further study.

Some of the significant characteristics of a thesis include:

Research-Oriented: A thesis addresses the question of students contributing new knowledge or insight into a particular academic field. In this case, students are involved intensely and extensively with the available literature to identify gaps and areas that require further research. Such a research orientation offers the exploration of new ideas and theories, increasing the academic discourse within the discipline.

Individual Work: Although supervised, a thesis is a personal effort. The student independently performs the research, from formulating hypotheses to data collection and analysis. A supervisor provides only mentorship and feedback to ensure rigor in research and uphold set academic standards.

Structured format: A thesis follows a strict academic structure with an introduction, methodology, results, and conclusions. Within such a structure, the research is kept focused and coherent so readers can follow a student’s thought process and understand the meaning of the findings. Each section contributes to the general argument and comprehensively presents the research.

Length and Depth: Theses are usually longer and more in-depth than capstone projects. They require an in-depth study of the subject under discussion, sometimes running into several chapters with many data analyses. A thesis’s research depth enables one to acquire an intricate understanding of the subject under study. Thus, they make substantial contributions to the existing knowledge in that field. Those details contained therein reflect the ability of the student to carry out in-depth research and to communicate complex information effectively.

A thesis generally calls for demands of the mind, which infuse critical thinking and analytical abilities, combined with a solid dedication to serious scholarship in research. Students can contribute to and demonstrate their expertise in a particular area to the academic community.

Capstone Vs. Thesis: Key Points of Difference

While comparing capstone vs. thesis, one will have to know the difference between these two in terms of their purpose and how they are shaping the academic experience:

1. Purpose:

Capstone: The project aims to apply theory to solve practical problems in the real world. Students use skills and concepts obtained throughout their academic program to address fundamental, existing, or potential problems or issues. This approach is hands-on, oriented toward field experience and practical problem-solving abilities, and students are better placed to work in a professional setting.

Thesis: A thesis is an original piece of work that aims to add new knowledge or theories to the academic field. Students do comprehensive research that allows them to explore new ideas, test hypotheses, and offer insights into the study subject to advance their field. Original research involves coming up with new findings and changing perceptions of a subject in academia.

Capstone: Scope is a great comparison point on the capstone projects vs. theses discussion. Capstone projects have a broader scope—an interdisciplinary approach with less focus on originality in research. Students work through problems or practical issues in the real world and use knowledge from diverse fields of study to develop innovative solutions or applications.

Thesis: These have narrower focuses, are highly specialized within some specific academic discipline, and are centered on original research. Students delve deep into a topic under investigation, conducting an extensive literature review and several empirical studies to contribute new insights or theories for the respective fields.

Capstone: Capstone projects are typified by flexibility in their form. Students can choose a report, presentation, or prototype but also creative work on whatever topic the professor has set them to. Regarding capstone vs. thesis, students get to share what they have learned and discovered in whatever way is deemed fitting.

Thesis: They follow a rigorous academic structure and usually have particular divisions: literature review, methodology, findings, discussion, and conclusion. This format allows research to be very systematic and detailed, taking the reader through the steps involved in the student’s research and deductions.

4. Teamwork:

Capstone: This will be like what students often do in the professional world: work in teams on a capstone project. Students in such a course are guided toward solving real and intellectually challenging problems by considering various skills and perspectives.

Thesis: Theses are individual assignments in nature. Students do their research independently, guided by some supervisor. Though they seek advice and criticism from advisors or peers, the research process and writing are independent tasks. The core of this principle is personal growth in academics and scholarly independence.

5. Duration:

Capstone: Capstone projects usually run for one to two semesters, reflecting their practical and focused nature. This timeframe allows the student to apply the knowledge they have acquired from school in a set framework to relevant problems in the world around them. It prepares them to engage in professional pursuits straight away.

Thesis: These can run into multiple semesters or even years, where the nature of the research and academic needs warrant this duration. Such duration provides latitude to the students for in-depth study, voluminous data collection, and rigorous analysis to produce substantial original research contributions to the field.

Knowing the differences between a capstone vs. thesis project can help you decide about your academic and career goals. Capstone projects provide hands-on experience in the real world, teamed with collaboration opportunities, emphasizing hands-on skills and teamwork. Theses, on the other hand, provide intensive research experience and further knowledge in specific specialized theories or insights by generating new ideas.

Whichever path one chooses on the capstone vs. thesis dilemma, remember they both demonstrate competence and preparedness for the next career step. They do this by proving that one can apply learning in practical aspects or conduct rigorous research to prepare one for professional challenges and advanced academic pursuits.

If you need professional help writing a great capstone project, you can order it now from our platform . This will provide the necessary tips to help you decide which project on the capstone vs. thesis debate best suits you.

FAQs on Capstone vs. Thesis

Q: which one is easier: a capstone vs. thesis project.

A: That would depend on the student’s strengths and career interests. A capstone project would thus be more meaningful for students who had the ‘doing’ part in mind. This would mean more practical applications and more focus on solving problems in the real world. On the other hand, a thesis would be easier for those who are comfortable digging deeper for research in long writing projects. This involves delving deep into academic literature and conducting original research to better understand educational material.

Q: Can I do a capstone project if I plan to attend a Ph.D. program?

A: Though it is usually more research-oriented, a good capstone project should be able to indicate elements of critical thinking and problem-solving. These are valued in a Ph.D. program, and the capstone would measure how one applies theory to practice.

Q: How long does it take to complete a capstone vs. thesis project?

A: Capstone projects usually last one or two semesters. A thesis, however, can take several semesters or even years, depending on the study’s complexity and depth.

Q: Is presentation involved in both the capstone project and thesis?

A: Often, capstone projects have a final presentation where students present their work to faculty or industry people. In most cases, the thesis will require a defense in front of a committee, which will ask the students questions to show their knowledge and validate their work.

Q: Where can I get help on my capstone project?

A: Expert assistance on capstone projects is available on our capstone help platform . This resource was created to guide students in developing a quality capstone project that meets the threshold of academia.

Given the above differences, you are much better poised for your last academic pursuits to prove your worth. All the best!

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What Is a Capstone Project vs. Thesis

As students near the end of their academic journey, they encounter a crucial project called the capstone – a culmination of all they've learned. But what exactly is a capstone project? 

This article aims to demystify capstone projects, explaining what they are, why they matter, and what you can expect when you embark on this final academic endeavor.

Capstone Project Meaning

A capstone project is a comprehensive, culminating academic endeavor undertaken by students typically in their final year of study. 

It synthesizes their learning experiences, requiring students to apply the knowledge, skills, and competencies gained throughout their academic journey. A capstone project aims to address a real-world problem or explore a topic of interest in depth. 

As interdisciplinary papers, capstone projects encourage critical thinking, problem-solving, and creativity. They allow students to showcase their mastery of their field of study and demonstrate their readiness for future academic or professional pursuits.

Now that we’ve defined what is a capstone project, let’s discuss its importance in the academic landscape. In case you have short-form compositions to handle, simply say, ‘ do my essay for me ,’ and our writers will take care of your workload.

Why Is a Capstone Project Important

A capstone project is crucial because it allows students to combine everything they've learned in school and apply it to real-life situations or big problems. 

It's like the ultimate test of what they know and can do. By working on these projects, students get hands-on experience, learn to think critically and figure out how to solve tough problems. 

Plus, it's a chance to show off their skills and prove they're ready for whatever comes next, whether that's starting a career or going on to more schooling.

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What Is the Purpose of a Capstone Project

Here are three key purposes of a capstone project:

Integration of Knowledge and Skills

Capstones often require students to draw upon the knowledge and skills they have acquired throughout their academic program. The importance of capstone project lies in helping students synthesize what they have learned and apply it to a real-world problem or project. 

This integration helps students demonstrate their proficiency and readiness for graduation or entry into their chosen profession.

Culmination of Learning

Capstone projects culminate a student's academic journey, allowing them to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world scenarios. 

tackling a significant project or problem, students demonstrate their understanding of concepts and their ability to translate them into practical solutions, reinforcing their learning journey.

Professional Development

Capstone projects allow students to develop skills relevant to their future careers. These projects can also be tangible examples of their capabilities to potential employers or graduate programs.

Whether it's conducting research, presenting findings, or collaborating with peers, students gain valuable experience that enhances their professional readiness. 

Types of Capstone Projects

Capstones vary widely depending on the academic discipline, institution, and specific program requirements. Here are some common types:

What Is the Difference Between a Thesis and a Capstone Project

Here's a breakdown of the key differences between a thesis and a capstone project:

How to Write a Capstone Project

Let's dive into the specifics with actionable and meaningful steps for writing a capstone project:

1. Select a Pertinent Topic

Identify a topic that aligns with your academic interests, program requirements, and real-world relevance. Consider issues or challenges within your field that merit further exploration or solution. 

Conduct thorough research to ensure the topic is both feasible and significant. Here are some brilliant capstone ideas for your inspiration.

2. Define Clear Objectives

Clearly articulate the objectives of your capstone project. What specific outcomes do you aim to achieve? 

Whether it's solving a problem, answering a research question, or developing a product, ensure your objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART).

3. Conduct Comprehensive Research

Dive deep into existing literature, theories, and empirical evidence related to your chosen topic. Identify gaps, controversies, or areas for further investigation. 

Synthesize relevant findings and insights to inform the development of your project and provide a solid foundation for your analysis or implementation.

4. Develop a Structured Plan

What is a capstone project in college without a rigid structure? Outline a comprehensive plan for your capstone project, including key milestones, tasks, and deadlines. 

Break down the project into manageable phases, such as literature review, data collection, analysis, and presentation. Establish clear criteria for success and regularly monitor progress to stay on track.

5. Implement Methodological Rigor

If your project involves research, ensure methodological rigor by selecting appropriate research methods, tools, and techniques. 

Develop a detailed research design or project plan that addresses key methodological considerations, such as sampling, data collection, analysis, and validity. Adhere to ethical guidelines and best practices throughout the research process.

6. Analyze and Interpret Findings

Analyze your data or findings using appropriate analytical techniques and tools. Interpret the results in relation to your research questions or objectives, highlighting key patterns, trends, or insights. 

Critically evaluate the significance and implications of your findings within the broader context of your field or industry.

7. Communicate Effectively

Present your capstone project clearly, concisely, and compellingly. Whether it's a written report, presentation, or multimedia deliverable, tailor your communication style to your target audience. Clearly articulate your research questions, methodology, findings, and conclusions. 

Use visuals, examples, and real-world applications to enhance understanding and engagement. Be prepared to defend your project and answer questions from peers, faculty, or stakeholders.

In wrapping up, what is a capstone project? It’s like the grand finale of your academic journey, where all the knowledge and skills you've acquired come together in one big project. 

It's not just about passing a test or getting a grade – it's about proving you've got what it takes to make a real difference in the world. So, if you ever need capstone project help , our writers will gladly lend you a hand in no time.

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What Is a Capstone Project in College?

How to do a capstone project, how long does a capstone project take to complete.

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• T. (2023, June 16). What Is a Capstone Project? National University. https://www.nu.edu/blog/what-is-a-capstone-project/
• Lukins, S. (2024, May 12). What is a capstone project? And why is it important? Top Universities. https://www.topuniversities.com/student-info/careers-advice-articles/what-capstone-project-why-it-important
• Capstone Project vs. Thesis: What’s the Difference? (2021, December 9). UAGC. https://www.uagc.edu/blog/capstone-project-vs-thesis-whats-difference

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What Is the Difference Between a Capstone and a Thesis?

Kristine tucker.

The main difference between a capstone project and a thesis is that a capstone project addresses a specific problem, issue or concern in your field of study, and a thesis attempts to create new knowledge. A capstone project focuses on a narrow, specific topic , whereas a thesis addresses a broader, generalized issue .

Explore this article

• Capstone Project: Coursework Application
• Capstone Project: Select a Narrow Topic
• Thesis Paper: Create and Prove or Disprove a Hypothesis
• Thesis Paper: Professional Considerations

1 Capstone Project: Coursework Application

A capstone project tests your understanding of core concepts in your field of study and requires you to apply them to current situations. For example, a capstone project might require you to produce a solution to a business or scientific problem. Capstone projects don't require original research, but you must perform background analysis, conduct library research, examine similar projects and review best practices, according to the University of North Carolina. Capstone projects may be completed individually or in small groups . Some undergraduate and graduate programs require students to complete capstone projects to graduate. Consult your adviser about specific capstone requirements.

2 Capstone Project: Select a Narrow Topic

Choose a narrow topic for a capstone project, for which you can provide expertise and a comprehensive analysis. For example, your capstone project might address how a lack of protein affects elementary students' classroom learning or why some consumers are more likely to buy impulsively. In some cases, a capstone project deals with a specific company that's trying to improve productivity or solve a workplace concern. Most capstone projects require a written paper of approximately 15 to 25 pages, according to the University of Colorado. Your adviser may require you to present your project in public and complete a self-reflective evaluation.

3 Thesis Paper: Create and Prove or Disprove a Hypothesis

A thesis paper differs from a capstone project because you must create new knowledge by developing a hypothesis, conducting data analysis, assessing your results, drawing conclusions from your research and comparing your results to others. "A thesis paper feels more like the scientific method than a field project," according to the University of Wisconsin. You must work independently on a thesis instead of doing group projects . Thesis papers are generally reserved for graduate students.

4 Thesis Paper: Professional Considerations

A thesis paper is beneficial to students who plan to enter a Ph.D. program or conduct individual research related to their postgraduate studies or long-term careers. It's more time-consuming than a capstone project and is worth more academic credit hours. A thesis paper can be completed over several semesters, but a capstone project is generally a single-semester requirement . Course instructors and faculty advisers grade capstone projects, but a larger thesis committee grades thesis papers.

• 1 University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh Department of Public Administration: Capstone, Field Project or Thesis?
• 2 University of Colorado Boulder Interdisciplinary Telecom Program: Capstone Versus Thesis
• 3 University of Washington: What Is the Difference Between a Capstone Project and a MasterFINAL.docx

About the Author

As curriculum developer and educator, Kristine Tucker has enjoyed the plethora of English assignments she's read (and graded!) over the years. Her experiences as vice-president of an energy consulting firm have given her the opportunity to explore business writing and HR. Tucker has a BA and holds Ohio teaching credentials.

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What is a Capstone Project in College?

The capstone project in college is the apogee, or completion marker, of a student's coursework leading to the culmination of their program with a degree in their chosen field of study. The original definition of a capstone focuses on the actual stone placed at the top of a wall or building, marking the successful completion of the structure. It's a significant and celebrated piece of architecture, considered to be the most important of an entire construction project.

"(Capstone projects are) the apex of all a student's work done throughout their college career," said Dr. Jeff Czarnec , a social sciences adjunct online and on-campus at Southern New Hampshire University (SNHU). Retired after 23 years in law enforcement, Czarnec served as an associate dean of criminal justice and social sciences at SNHU for nearly a decade. He now leverages his extensive background to teach social sciences, enriching the academic experience with his practical insights. 

When entering a capstone course, there's an expectation that you have all the necessary skills and knowledge to be successful. 

You have the opportunity to pick a research topic that is of interest to you and run with it. "After having to write research papers in all of their courses prior to (the capstone), the task is not one to dread, but to enjoy. It is their time to shine as students and to enjoy the journey," MacCarty said.

A capstone course is more than a potential degree requirement. It can serve as an opportunity to demonstrate knowledge mastery and creative thinking, which may help you stand out to potential employers.

What is Involved in a Capstone Project?

Each university, program and instructor may have different requirements — or models — for a capstone project. According to Czarnec, a general design might first include selecting a topic of interest that the instructor will approve. 

Czarnec said that, depending on the program, a capstone may include anything from a video presentation or an architectural model to an art exhibit or short film; however, it almost always includes a paper demonstrating an introduction, theory, evaluation, research and individual issues relevant to the proposal.

"Students are expected to be ready to enter the world as professionals in their field upon completion of the capstone course," said MacCarty.

The time it takes to complete a capstone project usually depends on the course's length. If you're in an undergraduate online program at SNHU, for instance, your capstone course would take eight weeks to complete, Czarnec said. 

Capstone courses are research-based, and you can choose your topic early on, allowing you more freedom to conduct research  independently. Capstone topics usually align with a program's specific disciplines, too.

For example, in the social sciences realm, "our focus is on human behavior and cognition, which may be different from a capstone course in business or STEM," MacCarty said.

Find Your Program

Types of capstones.

There are many types of capstone projects that you could consider, and they vary from learner to learner, Czarnec said. "Some will investigate issues or phenomenon that they are familiar with either professionally, personally or courtesy of a discipline-related source, such (as) a police or human services agency," he said. 

In a nutshell, a rough outline of a capstone, according to Czarnec, may look something like this:

• Select a topic and have it approved by the instructor
• Evaluate relevance to the proposal
• Perform necessary research
• Present results in the agreed-upon fashion

Czarnec said that if you're looking for a capstone topic, you may consider focusing on an area you're passionate about or you could also try to ask you instructor for some assistance. For example, Czarnec said that he can act as a guide, mentor, editor and research resource for his students to help them focus and narrow their search for a capstone topic.

Are Capstone Projects Difficult?

"Not necessarily," said Czarnec. "It does force you to be efficient and very specific to topic. No fluff. Straight forward. Razor sharp." 

The capstone is more of an opportunity to catch your breath, he said, and to retrace and pull up what you have learned in a more stress-free environment .

"It helps validate students as learners," Czarnec said.

Depending on the major and course requirements, there may be opportunities to connect with outside contacts, not only to assist with the capstone project research and problem statement but also to provide a networking community .

"Not every research project is, nor should they be, the same," Czarnec said. "Everyone has a different approach."

What is the Difference Between a Thesis and a Capstone Project?

A capstone is similar to a thesis in that the starting point involves the strengths needed for a thesis or dissertation work. For example, you may need to consider the skeletal structure of research and form your theory, hypothesis and problem statement.

"While a capstone is certainly a scholarly piece of work and does share some aspects of a thesis, the time and detail that is required of a master's thesis is greater," MacCarty said. 

A capstone paper may be 25 pages, whereas a thesis could be 100 or more. If you choose to further your education beyond a bachelor's degree, the capstone project could be an invaluable tool in preparing for a graduate thesis.

Capstone Projects are About Your Success

Capstones of all programs are leading you to the end game, Czarnec said. The goal is to develop you into a well-rounded thinker who can pull their work together in a coherent, articulate, well-organized fashion while considering the demands of the profession or vocation you're interested in.

The focus and intent of a capstone should be to create an effective device to assess and measure all that you've learned throughout your program in an aggregate fashion so you can demonstrate your life-long vocational skills in a nice, neat package. 

"My goal is for students to leave the program confident about their skills and abilities," said Czarnec.

MacCarty said that capstone courses should be structured to support your success in fulfilling program requirements and allow you the opportunity to showcase your academic abilities and skills gained throughout your degree program.

A degree can change your life. Choose your program  from 200+ SNHU degrees that can take you where you want to go.

Laurie Smith '14 is a writer, editor and communications specialist. Connect with her on LinkedIn .

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Founded in 1932, and online since 1995, we’ve helped countless students reach their goals with flexible, career-focused programs . Our 300-acre campus in Manchester, NH is home to over 3,000 students, and we serve over 135,000 students online. Visit our about SNHU  page to learn more about our mission, accreditations, leadership team, national recognitions and awards.

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• What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

Published on September 14, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on April 16, 2024.

A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master’s program or a capstone to a bachelor’s degree.

Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation , it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete. It relies on your ability to conduct research from start to finish: choosing a relevant topic , crafting a proposal , designing your research , collecting data , developing a robust analysis, drawing strong conclusions , and writing concisely .

Thesis template

You can also download our full thesis template in the format of your choice below. Our template includes a ready-made table of contents , as well as guidance for what each chapter should include. It’s easy to make it your own, and can help you get started.

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Table of contents

Thesis vs. thesis statement, how to structure a thesis, acknowledgements or preface, list of figures and tables, list of abbreviations, introduction, literature review, methodology, reference list, proofreading and editing, defending your thesis, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about theses.

You may have heard the word thesis as a standalone term or as a component of academic writing called a thesis statement . Keep in mind that these are two very different things.

• A thesis statement is a very common component of an essay, particularly in the humanities. It usually comprises 1 or 2 sentences in the introduction of your essay , and should clearly and concisely summarize the central points of your academic essay .
• A thesis is a long-form piece of academic writing, often taking more than a full semester to complete. It is generally a degree requirement for Master’s programs, and is also sometimes required to complete a bachelor’s degree in liberal arts colleges.
• In the US, a dissertation is generally written as a final step toward obtaining a PhD.
• In other countries (particularly the UK), a dissertation is generally written at the bachelor’s or master’s level.

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The final structure of your thesis depends on a variety of components, such as:

• Your discipline
• Your theoretical approach

Humanities theses are often structured more like a longer-form essay . Just like in an essay, you build an argument to support a central thesis.

In both hard and social sciences, theses typically include an introduction , literature review , methodology section ,  results section , discussion section , and conclusion section . These are each presented in their own dedicated section or chapter. In some cases, you might want to add an appendix .

Thesis examples

We’ve compiled a short list of thesis examples to help you get started.

• Example thesis #1:   “Abolition, Africans, and Abstraction: the Influence of the ‘Noble Savage’ on British and French Antislavery Thought, 1787-1807” by Suchait Kahlon.
• Example thesis #2: “’A Starving Man Helping Another Starving Man’: UNRRA, India, and the Genesis of Global Relief, 1943-1947″ by Julian Saint Reiman.

The very first page of your thesis contains all necessary identifying information, including:

• Your full title
• Your full name
• Your department
• Your institution and degree program
• Your submission date.

Sometimes the title page also includes your student ID, the name of your supervisor, or the university’s logo. Check out your university’s guidelines if you’re not sure.

Read more about title pages

The acknowledgements section is usually optional. Its main point is to allow you to thank everyone who helped you in your thesis journey, such as supervisors, friends, or family. You can also choose to write a preface , but it’s typically one or the other, not both.

Read more about acknowledgements Read more about prefaces

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An abstract is a short summary of your thesis. Usually a maximum of 300 words long, it’s should include brief descriptions of your research objectives , methods, results, and conclusions. Though it may seem short, it introduces your work to your audience, serving as a first impression of your thesis.

Read more about abstracts

A table of contents lists all of your sections, plus their corresponding page numbers and subheadings if you have them. This helps your reader seamlessly navigate your document.

Your table of contents should include all the major parts of your thesis. In particular, don’t forget the the appendices. If you used heading styles, it’s easy to generate an automatic table Microsoft Word.

Read more about tables of contents

While not mandatory, if you used a lot of tables and/or figures, it’s nice to include a list of them to help guide your reader. It’s also easy to generate one of these in Word: just use the “Insert Caption” feature.

Read more about lists of figures and tables

If you have used a lot of industry- or field-specific abbreviations in your thesis, you should include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations . This way, your readers can easily look up any meanings they aren’t familiar with.

Read more about lists of abbreviations

Relatedly, if you find yourself using a lot of very specialized or field-specific terms that may not be familiar to your reader, consider including a glossary . Alphabetize the terms you want to include with a brief definition.

Read more about glossaries

An introduction sets up the topic, purpose, and relevance of your thesis, as well as expectations for your reader. This should:

• Ground your research topic , sharing any background information your reader may need
• Define the scope of your work
• Introduce any existing research on your topic, situating your work within a broader problem or debate
• State your research question(s)
• Outline (briefly) how the remainder of your work will proceed

In other words, your introduction should clearly and concisely show your reader the “what, why, and how” of your research.

Read more about introductions

A literature review helps you gain a robust understanding of any extant academic work on your topic, encompassing:

• Selecting relevant sources
• Determining the credibility of your sources
• Critically evaluating each of your sources
• Drawing connections between sources, including any themes, patterns, conflicts, or gaps

A literature review is not merely a summary of existing work. Rather, your literature review should ultimately lead to a clear justification for your own research, perhaps via:

• Addressing a gap in the literature
• Building on existing knowledge to draw new conclusions
• Exploring a new theoretical or methodological approach
• Introducing a new solution to an unresolved problem
• Definitively advocating for one side of a theoretical debate

Read more about literature reviews

Theoretical framework

Your literature review can often form the basis for your theoretical framework, but these are not the same thing. A theoretical framework defines and analyzes the concepts and theories that your research hinges on.

Read more about theoretical frameworks

Your methodology chapter shows your reader how you conducted your research. It should be written clearly and methodically, easily allowing your reader to critically assess the credibility of your argument. Furthermore, your methods section should convince your reader that your method was the best way to answer your research question.

A methodology section should generally include:

• Your overall approach ( quantitative vs. qualitative )
• Your research methods (e.g., a longitudinal study )
• Your data collection methods (e.g., interviews or a controlled experiment
• Any tools or materials you used (e.g., computer software)
• The data analysis methods you chose (e.g., statistical analysis , discourse analysis )
• A strong, but not defensive justification of your methods

Read more about methodology sections

Your results section should highlight what your methodology discovered. These two sections work in tandem, but shouldn’t repeat each other. While your results section can include hypotheses or themes, don’t include any speculation or new arguments here.

Your results section should:

• State each (relevant) result with any (relevant) descriptive statistics (e.g., mean , standard deviation ) and inferential statistics (e.g., test statistics , p values )
• Explain how each result relates to the research question
• Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Additional data (like raw numbers or interview transcripts ) can be included as an appendix . You can include tables and figures, but only if they help the reader better understand your results.

Read more about results sections

Your discussion section is where you can interpret your results in detail. Did they meet your expectations? How well do they fit within the framework that you built? You can refer back to any relevant source material to situate your results within your field, but leave most of that analysis in your literature review.

For any unexpected results, offer explanations or alternative interpretations of your data.

Read more about discussion sections

Your thesis conclusion should concisely answer your main research question. It should leave your reader with an ultra-clear understanding of your central argument, and emphasize what your research specifically has contributed to your field.

Why does your research matter? What recommendations for future research do you have? Lastly, wrap up your work with any concluding remarks.

Read more about conclusions

In order to avoid plagiarism , don’t forget to include a full reference list at the end of your thesis, citing the sources that you used. Choose one citation style and follow it consistently throughout your thesis, taking note of the formatting requirements of each style.

Which style you choose is often set by your department or your field, but common styles include MLA , Chicago , and APA.

Create APA citations Create MLA citations

In order to stay clear and concise, your thesis should include the most essential information needed to answer your research question. However, chances are you have many contributing documents, like interview transcripts or survey questions . These can be added as appendices , to save space in the main body.

Read more about appendices

Once you’re done writing, the next part of your editing process begins. Leave plenty of time for proofreading and editing prior to submission. Nothing looks worse than grammar mistakes or sloppy spelling errors!

Consider using a professional thesis editing service or grammar checker to make sure your final project is perfect.

Once you’ve submitted your final product, it’s common practice to have a thesis defense, an oral component of your finished work. This is scheduled by your advisor or committee, and usually entails a presentation and Q&A session.

After your defense , your committee will meet to determine if you deserve any departmental honors or accolades. However, keep in mind that defenses are usually just a formality. If there are any serious issues with your work, these should be resolved with your advisor way before a defense.

If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

Research bias

• Survivorship bias
• Self-serving bias
• Availability heuristic
• Halo effect
• Hindsight bias
• Deep learning
• Generative AI
• Machine learning
• Reinforcement learning
• Supervised vs. unsupervised learning

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The conclusion of your thesis or dissertation shouldn’t take up more than 5–7% of your overall word count.

If you only used a few abbreviations in your thesis or dissertation , you don’t necessarily need to include a list of abbreviations .

If your abbreviations are numerous, or if you think they won’t be known to your audience, it’s never a bad idea to add one. They can also improve readability, minimizing confusion about abbreviations unfamiliar to your reader.

When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:

• Your anticipated title
• Your abstract
• Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)

A thesis is typically written by students finishing up a bachelor’s or Master’s degree. Some educational institutions, particularly in the liberal arts, have mandatory theses, but they are often not mandatory to graduate from bachelor’s degrees. It is more common for a thesis to be a graduation requirement from a Master’s degree.

Even if not mandatory, you may want to consider writing a thesis if you:

• Plan to attend graduate school soon
• Have a particular topic you’d like to study more in-depth
• Are considering a career in research
• Would like a capstone experience to tie up your academic experience

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What Is a Capstone Project?

A capstone project is a multifaceted academic experience typically required for students during the final year of an academic program. It is a comprehensive and interdisciplinary project that often requires students to apply the knowledge and skills acquired throughout their academic careers to solve real-world problems or issues. 

Capstone projects come in all shapes and sizes, including research papers, case studies, creative works, internships, and field placement projects. They are designed to challenge students to think critically, solve complex problems, and demonstrate their readiness for work in their field. Capstone projects are often a highlight of a student’s academic career and can provide valuable experience and skills for their future endeavors.

Types of Capstone Projects

Capstone projects are an essential part of many academic programs. They can vary from program to program and take shape depending on the specific discipline and project goals. 

Research Paper/Major Project Course

A research paper or major project course is a comprehensive capstone that aims to equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to conduct research and produce a high-quality research paper or major project. These typically include various topics such as research methodology, literature review, data collection, and analysis, as well as writing and presentation skills.

The course typically begins with an introduction to research methodology, including the different research types, research design, and ethical considerations. Students are taught how to conduct a literature review, which involves identifying and analyzing relevant literature on the topic of their research. Data collection and analysis are also a focus in this type of capstone project, with students demonstrating mastery in learning how to collect and analyze data and showcasing various methods such as surveys, interviews, and even experiments. They are also taught how to use statistical software, such as Tableau and Power BI , to analyze data and draw conclusions. 

It’s also standard for these courses to focus on writing and presentation skills, with students learning how to write a clear, concise, and well-structured research paper or project relating to their major or focus. They are taught how to use proper citation and referencing techniques, as well as how to present their findings in a professional and engaging manner.

Completing a capstone research paper or major project course is crucial for students to acquire the skills and expertise needed to conduct research and present their findings in a comprehensive manner. It serves as a culminating showcase of their academic achievements.

Internship or Field Program

An internship or field placement program is an opportunity for students to gain practical experience in their field of study. It typically involves working for a company or organization for a set period of time. 

The benefits of an internship or field program include gaining hands-on experience, building professional networks, and developing skills that can be applied in future careers within the field of study. It also provides an opportunity to explore different career paths and industries and to learn from experienced professionals.

To find an internship or field program, students can search online job boards, attend career fairs, or reach out to companies directly. Researching the company and the position is vital to ensure it aligns with career goals and interests. In addition, some programs offer professional partnerships that connect students and businesses in established internship programs. 

During the internship or field placement program, it’s essential to ask questions, be proactive and take on responsibilities. This can eventually lead to a positive reference or even a job offer. Maintaining a professional attitude and work ethic is also important, as the experience can impact future career opportunities.

Portfolio-Building Course

A portfolio-building course is designed to help individuals create a professional portfolio that showcases their skills and accomplishments. The course covers key points such as identifying your target audience, selecting a suitable format for your portfolio, creating a solid visual design, and selecting the best pieces to include. 

These courses are designed to showcase the creativity and ingenuity of the student. Additionally, a portfolio-building course provides guidance on writing compelling descriptions and captions for each focus piece included. It also offers tips for presenting your portfolio to the necessary stakeholders, like professors, advisors, and even prospective employers.

By the end of the course, participants should have a polished portfolio that can be used to showcase their work to potential employers or clients. 

Group Project Course

A group project course is designed to allow students to work collaboratively on a project that requires them to apply the knowledge and skills they have acquired in their respective fields of study. The course covers key points such as project planning, team building, communication, problem-solving, and project management. Students are expected to work in teams to identify a problem, develop and execute a project plan, and clearly present their findings. 

A group project course also emphasizes the importance of effective communication within the team and with external stakeholders. Through this course, students develop critical thinking, leadership, and teamwork skills essential for success in their future careers.

What Is the Goal of a Capstone Project?

A capstone project aims to demonstrate a student’s mastery of a particular subject or field of study. It is typically a culminating project that integrates and applies the knowledge and skills acquired throughout the course of a degree program. The project may involve research, analysis, problem-solving, and creative work, and it should demonstrate the student’s ability to think critically, communicate effectively, and work independently. The ultimate aim of a capstone project is to produce high-quality, original work that contributes to the student’s academic and professional development.

What Programs Usually Require Capstones?

Capstones are usually required in programs that involve hands-on learning and the practical application of skills. These programs typically include engineering, computer science, business, healthcare, education, and social sciences. Capstones require students to demonstrate their mastery of the subject matter through a comprehensive project or presentation. Capstones are often required in graduate programs as a way to exhibit a student’s research and analytical skills.

How to Choose a Capstone Topic

After dedicating time and effort to your academic program, the following requirement is to select a unique interest topic that will embody all the knowledge and academic growth attained throughout your studies. How do you choose a capstone topic? What determines what kind of topic is most suitable?

• Identify your interests and passions : Choose a topic that you are passionate about and interested in. This will make the research process more enjoyable and engaging, not only for the student but also for the audience.
• Consider your career goals : Examine your future career goals and choose a topic that aligns with them. This will help you gain relevant skills and knowledge that will be useful in your future career.
• Research current trends and issues : Look for current trends and issues in your field of study and choose a topic that addresses them. This will make your capstone project more relevant and impactful.
• Consult with your advisor : Consult with your capstone advisor to get their input and guidance on choosing a topic. They can provide valuable insights and help you narrow down your options.
• Consider the scope and feasibility : Choose a topic that is manageable in terms of scope and feasibility. Make sure you have access to the necessary resources, equipment, and data to complete your project successfully.
• Brainstorm and refine your ideas : Brainstorm a list of potential topics and then refine them based on your interests, career goals, and feasibility. Choose a topic that you are excited about and can confidently expound upon.

The Six Components of a Capstone Paper

A comprehensive capstone paper typically consists of six key components that are essential for its success. These components include an introduction , literature review , methodology , discussion , conclusion , and recommendations . 

1. Introduction

The introduction section of a capstone paper is a crucial part of the document that sets the tone for the entire project. It should cover the key points of the paper, including the purpose, scope, and significance of the research. The introduction should also provide a clear and concise thesis statement that outlines the central argument or focus of the paper. 

2. Literature Review

The literature review section of a capstone paper provides an overview of the existing research and knowledge on the topic. It covers key points related to the research question or problem statement and helps establish the study’s overall context. The literature review should be comprehensive, well-organized, and focused on the most relevant and recent sources. It should also identify gaps in the literature and highlight the need for further research. 

3. Methodology

The methodology section should provide a clear and detailed description of the research methods used in the capstone project and should demonstrate that the research was conducted in a rigorous and ethical manner. 

• Research design : This section should describe the overall approach to the research, including the type of study (e.g., qualitative, quantitative, mixed-methods), the research questions or hypotheses, and the sampling strategy.
• Data collection : This section should describe the methods used to collect data, such as surveys, interviews, or observational data sources. It should also consider any instruments or tools used to collect data, such as questionnaires or interview guides.
• Ethical considerations : This section should examine any ethical considerations related to the research, such as confidentiality and privacy.
• Limitations : This section should review any research limitations. This involves acknowledging any weaknesses or shortcomings in the research and discussing how they may have affected the results, such as sample size, data quality, or financial resources.

4. Discussion

The discussion section of a capstone paper summarizes the findings of the research and provides an analysis of the results. Key points include:

• Summary of findings : The discussion section should begin with a brief summary of the main findings of the research. This should include a concise critique of the results and their significance.
• Interpretation of the results : This portion of the discussion section should offer an analysis of the data and clarify what it means in the context of the original research question.
• Comparison with previous research : The discussion section should also compare the research results to prior studies in the field. This helps to contextualize original findings and identify any similarities or differences.
• Implications of the findings : Another critical component of the discussion section should also discuss the impact of the findings on the field of study. This involves classifying any practical applications of the research and examining how the results can be used to inform future research.

5. Conclusion

The conclusion of a capstone research paper strives to objectively present the data or information that you gathered throughout the entire capstone project. The story you tell will point readers to any figures and tables that illustrate relevant data and tie it back to the general purpose of the research. The overall goal is to bring it all back to the initial hypothesis.

6. Recommendations

Capstone research papers typically include a recommendations section, which provides recommendations for future research related to the topic. This involves identifying areas where further research is needed and suggesting potential avenues for future study.

Additionally, this section can be derived directly from the research findings, providing readers with concrete examples and recommendations based on the data and its implications.

Capstone Project vs. Thesis Paper

Capstone projects and thesis papers are both important academic assignments that students may be required to complete in order to graduate from their degree programs. While they share some similarities, there are also some key differences between the two.

A capstone project is typically a final project that allows students to showcase the knowledge and skills they have gained throughout their academic program and apply them to real-world problems and issues. They take many forms, including research papers, case studies, presentations, or even creative projects like portfolios. These projects often involve collaboration with other students or professionals in the field and may require the use of primary research methods.

By contrast, a thesis paper is a more traditional academic research paper focusing on a specific research question or hypothesis. It typically involves a thorough literature review, data collection, and analysis, as well as a detailed discussion of the findings. Thesis papers are often written by students pursuing graduate degrees and are intended to contribute new knowledge to the field.

While both capstone projects and thesis papers require a significant amount of research and critical thinking, capstone projects tend to be more practical and applied, while thesis papers are more theoretical and research-focused. Additionally, capstone projects often involve more collaboration and may require students to work with external stakeholders, while thesis papers are typically completed independently. 

Both assignments can be valuable learning experiences and can help students develop important skills that will be useful in their future careers.

Dissertation

At its core, a dissertation is a lengthy and detailed research paper that is typically written by students pursuing a doctoral degree. It is a formal document that presents original research and findings on a specific topic or issue. Much like a thesis paper or capstone project, a dissertation requires extensive research, critical analysis, and a thorough understanding of the subject matter. 

By comparison, a dissertation is a research project that is typically required for a doctoral degree, while a capstone project is a culminating project that is required for a master’s degree . In a similar regard, a thesis paper is similar to a dissertation in that it is a research project, but it is typically required for a master’s degree. 

The main distinction between a dissertation and a capstone project or thesis paper lies in the academic level they are intended for and the breadth of the research involved. Dissertations usually involve more comprehensive research and require original findings, whereas capstone projects and thesis papers may concentrate on utilizing existing knowledge to address a particular problem or concern.

A “capstone” project is the crowning achievement of an academic program, as it combines all the skills and knowledge gained into a culminating conclusion. Typically the capstone is the final piece of work or project that wraps up the entire academic program and represents a significant milestone in academic and professional development.

Although they are similar, capstone projects and thesis papers differ at their core. The level of difficulty depends on various factors, such as the project’s topic, scope, and requirements. However, a capstone project may generally be considered less intensive than a thesis paper, as it typically involves the practical application of knowledge and skills, while a thesis paper requires extensive research and analysis of a specific topic.

The length of time it takes to complete a capstone project can vary depending on the specific requirements of the project and the program. Capstone projects can take anywhere from a few weeks to several months to complete. Therefore, project planning and time management are required to ensure that you are able to complete the project within the given timeframe.

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What’s the Difference Between a Capstone vs. Dissertation?

If you’re researching doctoral programs, you may be wondering about capstone vs. dissertation projects.

Some schools require students to write a dissertation, an extended paper based on original research. Others ask students to complete a capstone project that involves developing a solution to an existing issue. As a graduate student, you will most likely be asked to complete one or the other of these projects to earn your degree.

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Before enrolling in a doctorate or PhD program, it’s helpful to understand what a dissertation and a capstone require and how they’re completed.

Capstone projects and dissertations offer graduate students the opportunity to demonstrate what they’ve learned over the course of their studies, prepare for their professional futures, and establish themselves as scholars in their fields.

Despite their similar goals, these projects involve different processes and structures.

What Is a Capstone?

A capstone is a final project that a doctoral student completes at the end of their academic program. It typically involves between 6 months and 1 year of research, planning, writing, and analysis.

During a capstone project, you might complete an action research study, in which you identify a process that is inefficient or ineffective and design a process to improve it. You might also work directly with an external business, nonprofit, or government agency.

A number of universities now offer doctorate programs without dissertation. Just like online doctoral programs in education with no dissertation, they include capstone projects or research papers instead. Students usually deliver a doctoral capstone in the form of a paper or portfolio alongside the product or program that they have designed.

What Is a Dissertation?

A dissertation is a major research project that is a requirement for most PhD programs. The timeframe for a dissertation often ranges between 1 and 3 years.

To complete a dissertation, students develop a research question and seek answers that will fill a current gap in the field. They review existing literature, conduct original research, and write a paper that may span several hundred pages.

Many doctoral programs also require students to participate in a dissertation defense. During this process, the student presents their findings to a faculty committee and answers any questions that the committee might have.

Key Differences Between a Dissertation vs. Capstone

Although capstone projects and dissertations can both be graduation requirements for doctoral students, they have several defining features that set them apart, including:

• Focus . A dissertation project generally focuses on filling a gap in current research or enhancing knowledge within a field through new research and analysis. A capstone project uses or extends existing research to address a problem by developing a product, program, or process.
• Completion time . Students may need several years after they complete their primary coursework to finish and defend their dissertations. Capstone projects are usually completed in 1 year or less.
• Sources of support . While working on their dissertations, students generally have the support of one or more faculty advisors and present their final work to a committee. Students completing a capstone often work with an outside organization, such as a private business, as well as a group of faculty members.
• Length . The average dissertation length is typically 100 pages or more, and students sometimes publish their finished projects as books after graduating. The final paper for a capstone project is often significantly shorter than a dissertation, but it may be accompanied by a portfolio, product, or program.

Capstones and dissertations aren’t always mutually exclusive. In some cases, doctoral programs require students to complete dissertations as part of or in addition to their capstone projects.

Capstone vs. Dissertation – Which Is Right for You?

Finding the right PhD or doctorate program can be challenging. Knowing what is a doctoral dissertation in comparison to a capstone project may help you determine which school and degree path aligns with your career goals and academic interests.

For example, if you would prefer to work directly with a business in your future industry, a capstone may be a more suitable option. A dissertation is likely more fitting if your primary goal is to contribute to the existing literature and research within your field.

No matter which type of project you prefer, you can take the next step toward your online doctoral degree by researching accredited colleges and universities.

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• Capella University Blog
• PhD/Doctorate

The difference between a dissertation and doctoral capstone

May 30, 2023

Estimated reading time:  3-4 minutes

If you’ve been researching doctoral degrees, you may notice that virtually all PhD programs require a dissertation, while some professional doctorates require a doctoral capstone or an alternative doctoral project.

So, what’s the difference between the two?

What do a dissertation and doctoral capstone have in common?

All doctoral programs help prepare students to contribute evidence-based practice in their field. Students learn to apply leadership principles and strategies that promote community support, diversity and individuality in the workplace, and the community.

Completing either a dissertation or a doctoral capstone requires intense preparation and a strong foundation in writing and critical thinking. Both culminate in a final document or project that demonstrates a broadened knowledge of relevant theory and practice. 

What are the main differences between a dissertation and a doctoral capstone? 

The Capella doctoral experience offers a good comparison of the two types of final project.

The Capella dissertation is a traditional five-chapter research document that you’ll develop as you work with a faculty mentor and dissertation committee members. It’s meant to be a work of high-quality academic research that contributes to your field of study.

The doctoral capstone can take many different forms depending on your program, your specialization or area of interest within your subject and other variables. Working with a faculty mentor and committee, you’ll complete a project that offers solutions or improvements to a real-world problem relevant to your field of study. 

• Project focus
• Project deliverable
• Deliverable detail

Doctoral Capstone

• Extends or applies research to solve a real-world problem
• Provides a solution to a problem within a specific organizational setting
• Presents the results in a deliverable (paper, product, or portfolio) and a final report that describes the creation of the deliverable

Dissertation

• Involves a quest for new knowledge to solve a real-world problem
• Addresses a research problem in one field of specialization
• Involves either quantitative or qualitative research methods
• Paper, Product or Portfolio
• Action research
• Clinical Research Paper
• Program Curriculum
• Change Management Plan
• Chapter 1. Introduction and Statement of the Problem
• Chapter 2. Literature Review
• Chapter 3. Methodology
• Chapter 4. Data Analysis and Results
• Chapter 5. Conclusions and Recommendations

Ready to explore the doctoral path that could work best for you? Capella University offers PhD and professional doctorate degree programs ranging from business and education to health care and technology.

Learn more about Capella’s online doctoral programs.

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Guide to the ALM Capstone Project

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• Course Catalog

What is a Capstone?

Capstones are final courses that draw upon your entire ALM scholarly training to produce a faculty- or student-directed academic research project worthy of a Harvard degree.

Student-directed capstones require you to come up with a topic and make a case to your research advisor as to why the topic is worthy of investigation. The project represents your academic passion and professional interest. Once the topic is approved, you craft a capstone proposal--a research plan--where you outline the topic, share the background reading you've done to understand the topic, and state the research design and methods.

Faculty-directed capstones are semester-long academic seminars lead by an instructor, who brings together all the key learning outcomes of the field of study in a structured syllabus. The instructor may present a list of topics from which you can choose or you may work on the same project as other students. You could work in a team or on your own.

Prework. Most capstones require you to participate in either a noncredit capstone proposal tutorial or a 4-credit, graded precapstone course the semester right before capstone registration (no earlier). The guided prework in either the tutorial or course sets the foundation for academically strong capstones.

The following ALM fields require student-directed capstones:

• Global Development Practice
• Journalism *
• Museum Studies
• Sustainability

* All fields require the Capstone Proposal Tutorial, except Journalism.

The following ALM fields require faculty-directed capstones:

• Anthropology
• Biotechnology 
• Creative Writing and Literature
• Cybersecurity
• Data Science
• Digital Media Design
• Government 
• International Relations
• Math for Teaching 
• Information Management Systems (retired field)
• Software Engineering (retired field)
• Systems Engineering

How do I choose between a thesis and a capstone?

Some programs have the option to pursue either the thesis or capstone track., a thesis is the more appropriate choice if:.

• You want to earn a PhD or other advanced degree later on
• You want the experience of writing for a publication
• You want to work individually with a Research Advisor and Thesis Director
• You are more self-directed, are good at managing projects with little supervision, and have a clear direction for your work
• You have a project that requires more time (9-12 months) to pursue than can be done in a single class

The Capstone route is the more appropriate choice if:

• You want to focus on a smaller-scale project that highlights your technical skills to a current or future employer
• You want to work with a client or supervisor on a real-world project that can address a pressing business need
• You want more input on your project from fellow students and other instructors;  you prefer to work in a community instead of alone
• You want more structure to your project, including more internal milestones and due dates

For more information about the ALM Thesis option in the various programs that offer it, please see the Thesis Process  page on the Extension School Website.