php echo assignment

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The echo() function outputs one or more strings.

Note: The echo() function is not actually a function, so you are not required to use parentheses with it. However, if you want to pass more than one parameter to echo(), using parentheses will generate a parse error.

Tip: The echo() function is slightly faster than print() .

Tip: The echo() function also has a shortcut syntax. Prior to PHP 5.4.0, this syntax only works with the short_open_tag configuration setting enabled.

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One of the most commonly used functions in PHP is echo() , which is used to output one or more strings to the browser or command-line interface.

The echo() function can accept one or more strings as arguments, separated by commas. The strings can be enclosed in double or single quotes.

This example will output the text “Hello, world!” to the screen.

echo() can also be used to output variables:

In the example above, the output will be “My name is John”. The concatenation operator (.) joins the string “My name is “ with the variable $name .

It is also possible to use echo() to output HTML code. For example:

This will output a heading tag to the screen.

Note: HTML and PHP code can both be used within echo() statements.

One important thing to keep in mind when using echo() is that it does not return a value. In other words, the output of echo() cannot be assigned to a variable or used in an expression.

For example, the following code will not work:

The output error will be something like this:

Instead, the value of the function or method should be returned first using the return keyword.

The following example shows how to use echo on a returned value:

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PHP echo and print

PHP echo and print are two most language constructs used for output data on the screen. They are not functions but constructs, meaning they do not require parentheses (though parentheses can be used with print). Both are widely used for displaying strings, variables, and HTML content in PHP scripts.

• echo: Generally faster and can output multiple strings separated by commas.
• print: Slightly slower, returns a value (1), and only accepts one argument.

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• PHP echo statement
• PHP print statement

Difference between echo and print statements in PHP

It is a language construct and never behaves like a function, hence no parenthesis is required. But the developer can use parenthesis if they need. The end of the echo statement is identified by the semi-colon (‘;’). We can use ‘ echo ‘ to output one or more strings, numbers, variables, values, and results of expressions.

Basic Syntax of echo

The basic syntax of echo is very basic. It can be used without parentheses:

Or with parentheses (though not required):

Displaying Variables with echo

Displaying variables with echo statements is also as easy as displaying normal strings. The below example shows different ways to display variables with the help of a PHP echo statement. 

The (.) operator in the above code can be used to concatenate two strings in PHP and the “\n” is used for a new line and is also known as line-break. We will learn about these in further articles. 

Displaying Strings with echo

We can simply use the keyword echo followed by the string to be displayed within quotes. The below example shows how to display strings with PHP.

Displaying Strings as Multiple Arguments with echo

We can pass multiple string arguments to the echo statement instead of a single string argument, separating them by comma (‘,’) operator. For example, if we have two strings i.e “Hello” and “World” then we can pass them as (“Hello”, “World”).

PHP print Statement

The PHP print statement is similar to the echo statement and can be used alternative to echo many times. It is also a language construct, so we may not use parenthesis i.e print or print() .

Basic Syntax of print

The basic syntax of print is similar to echo, but it can only output one string or variable at a time.

Or with parentheses (which are optional):

Displaying Variables with print Statement

Displaying variables with print statements is also the same as that of echo statements. The example below shows how to display variables with the help of a PHP print statement.

Displaying String of Text with print Statement

We can display strings with the print statement in the same way we did with echo statements. The only difference is we cannot display multiple strings separated by comma(,) with a single print statement. The below example shows how to display strings with the help of a PHP print statement.

The main difference between the print and echo statement is that echo does not behave like a function whereas print behaves like a function. The print statement can have only one argument at a time and thus can print a single string. Also, the print statement always returns a value of 1. Like an echo, the print statement can also be used to print strings and variables. Below are some examples of using print statements in PHP:

Note: Both are language constructs in PHP programs that are more or less the same as both are used to output data on the browser screen. The print statement is an alternative to echo.

One had to master both print and echo function for a PHP developer looking to build a dynamic and efficient web application. By understanding the basic difference between print and echo, leveraging their features, and more and more practice can take your coding skills to the next level, and you can create robust and user-friendly websites.

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Home » PHP Tutorial » PHP Assignment Operators

PHP Assignment Operators

Summary : in this tutorial, you will learn about the most commonly used PHP assignment operators.

Introduction to the PHP assignment operator

PHP uses the = to represent the assignment operator. The following shows the syntax of the assignment operator:

On the left side of the assignment operator ( = ) is a variable to which you want to assign a value. And on the right side of the assignment operator ( = ) is a value or an expression.

When evaluating the assignment operator ( = ), PHP evaluates the expression on the right side first and assigns the result to the variable on the left side. For example:

In this example, we assigned 10 to $x, 20 to $y, and the sum of $x and $y to $total.

The assignment expression returns a value assigned, which is the result of the expression in this case:

It means that you can use multiple assignment operators in a single statement like this:

In this case, PHP evaluates the right-most expression first:

The variable $y is 20 .

The assignment expression $y = 20 returns 20 so PHP assigns 20 to $x . After the assignments, both $x and $y equal 20.

Arithmetic assignment operators

Sometimes, you want to increase a variable by a specific value. For example:

How it works.

• First, $counter is set to 1 .
• Then, increase the $counter by 1 and assign the result to the $counter .

After the assignments, the value of $counter is 2 .

PHP provides the arithmetic assignment operator += that can do the same but with a shorter code. For example:

The expression $counter += 1 is equivalent to the expression $counter = $counter + 1 .

Besides the += operator, PHP provides other arithmetic assignment operators. The following table illustrates all the arithmetic assignment operators:

Concatenation assignment operator

PHP uses the concatenation operator (.) to concatenate two strings. For example:

By using the concatenation assignment operator you can concatenate two strings and assigns the result string to a variable. For example:

• Use PHP assignment operator ( = ) to assign a value to a variable. The assignment expression returns the value assigned.
• Use arithmetic assignment operators to carry arithmetic operations and assign at the same time.
• Use concatenation assignment operator ( .= )to concatenate strings and assign the result to a variable in a single statement.

• How to Use of echo in PHP

echo VS print in PHP

Using echo or print in php, using php echo shorthand or separate html, use of echo in php.

Echo is a language construct rather than a function in PHP.

In other words, it is not a function. It can be used to return a value or print output.

As a result, you won’t need to use parentheses. But you must use parentheses if you wish to use more than one parameter.

Now have a look at this with a syntax. The syntax of echo in PHP is given below:

The following are some important key elements to remember.

• The echo statement is useful to display the output like string. It returns void.
• Both are accepted in PHP, echo() and echo can be used with or without parentheses.
• The echo command returns void. Many strings can be separated by a comma ( , ).
• The echo command is quicker than the print function.
• The echo command can be used many times because its functionality is easy to understand.
• It is also the most usable command of PHP. There are two main methods for getting output in PHP: echo and print . The echo and print are the same. Both have the main work of displaying the output on the screen

You need to return the output or void in output; then, you can use the echo command.

The echo can accept many parameters like a string, escaping characters, and variable values. But the print function takes only one parameter.

The echo command is quicker than the print function. The echo command is the most important in PHP.

The following example explains how to use the echo command to print text:

In PHP, you may use echo or print to show HTML markup, JavaScript, text, or variables.

Sample Code:

You may use PHP echo shorthand to show the result of every expression, the value of every variable, or HTML markup.

Printing String

Printing variable value, related article - php echo.

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PHP assignment operators enable you to frequently engage in performing calculations and operations on variables, requiring the assignment of results to other variables. Consequently, this is precisely where assignment operators prove indispensable, allowing you to seamlessly execute an operation and assign the result to a variable within a single statement.

PHP Arithmetic Assignment Operators

Php bitwise assignment operators, assigning a reference to a php variable, other assignment operators, wrapping up.

In the following sections, we’ll delve into the different types of PHP assignment operators and explore how to use them.

The most commonly used assignment operator in PHP is the equals sign (=). For instance, in the following code, the value 10 is assigned to the variable $x:

Now, let’s explore each type with examples:

Numeric data undergoes mathematical operations through the utilization of arithmetic operators. In PHP, this is where arithmetic assignment operators come into play, employed to perform these operations. The arithmetic assignment operators include:

• +=  or  $x + $y  (Addition Assignment Operator)
• -=  or  $x - $y  (Subtraction Assignment Operator)
• *=  or  $x * $y  (Multiplication Assignment Operator)
• /=  or  $x / $y  (Division Assignment Operator)
• %=  or  $x % $y  (Modulus Assignment Operator)
• **=  or  $x ** $y  (Exponentiation Assignment Operator)

Consider the following example:

In this example, the addition assignment operator increases the value of $x by 5, and then assigns the result back to $x, producing an output of 15.

You can leverage these arithmetic assignment operators to perform complex calculations in a single statement, making your code more concise and easier to read. For more details, refer to this  tutorial .

One crucial aspect of computer science involves the manipulation of binary bits in PHP. Let’s delve into one of the more complex assignment operators—specifically, the PHP bitwise operators.

Developers use bitwise operators to manipulate data at the bit level. PHP bitwise assignment operators perform bitwise operations. Here are the bitwise assignment operators:

• &=  or  $x & $y  (Bitwise AND Assignment Operator)
• |=  or  $x | $y  (Bitwise OR Assignment Operator)
• ^=  or  $x ^ $y  (Bitwise XOR Assignment Operator)
• ~=  or  $x ~ $y  (Bitwise NOT Assignment Operator)
• <<=  or  $x << $y  (Left Shift Assignment Operator)
• >>=  or  $x >> $y  (Right Shift Assignment Operator)

Let’s illustrate with an example:

In this example, a bitwise OR operation is performed between the values of $x and 2 using the bitwise OR assignment operator. The result is then assigned to $x, yielding an output of 7.

Here is a full explanation along with more examples of  bitwise operators .

Let’s move to the section below to understand the Null Coalescing Operator in PHP.

Furthermore, developers use the null coalescing operator to assign a default value to a variable if it is null. The double question mark (??) symbolizes the null coalescing operator. Consider the following example:

In this example, the null coalescing operator is used to assign the value ‘John Doe’ to the variable $fullName. If $name is null, the value ‘John Doe’ will be assigned to $fullName.

The null coalescing operator simplifies code by enabling the assignment of default values to variables. By reading this  tutorial , you will gain more information about it

Anyway, assigning a reference in PHP is one of the language’s benefits, enabling developers to set a value and refer back to it anywhere during the script-writing process. Let’s move to the section below to take a closer look at this concept.

Furthermore, individuals use the reference assignment operator  =&  to assign a reference to a variable rather than copying the value of the variable. Consider the following example:

In this example, a reference to the variable $x is created using the reference assignment operator. The value 10 is then assigned to $x, and the output displays the value of $y. Since $y is a reference to $x, it also changes to 10, resulting in an output of 10.

The reference assignment operator proves useful when working with large data sets, enabling you to avoid copying large amounts of data.

Let’s explore some other assignment operators in the paragraphs below.

In addition to the arithmetic, bitwise, null coalescing, and reference assignment operators, PHP provides other assignment operators for specific use cases. These operators are:

• .=  (Concatenation Assignment Operator)
• ??=  (Null Coalescing Assignment Operator)

Now, let’s explore each of these operators in turn:

Concatenation Assignment Operator: Used to concatenate a string onto the end of another string. For example:

In this example, the concatenation assignment operator appends the value of $string2 to the end of $string1, resulting in the output “Hello World!”.

The Null Coalescing Assignment Operator is employed to assign a default value to a variable when it is detected as null. For example:

In this example, the null coalescing assignment operator assigns the value ‘John Doe’ to the variable $name. If $name is null, the value ‘John Doe’ will be assigned to $name.

Let’s summarize it.

we’ve taken a comprehensive look at the different types of PHP assignment operators and how to use them. Assignment operators are essential tools for any PHP developer, facilitating calculations and operations on variables while assigning results to other variables in a single statement.

Moreover, leveraging assignment operators allows you to make your code more concise, easier to read, and helps in avoiding common programming errors.

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Assignment Operators in PHP : Tutorial

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PHP Assignment Operators

In this tutorial, you shall learn about Assignment Operators in PHP, different Assignment Operators available in PHP, their symbols, and how to use them in PHP programs, with examples.

Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators are used to perform to assign a value or modified value to a variable.

Assignment Operators Table

The following table lists out all the assignment operators in PHP programming.

In the following program, we will take values in variables $x and $y , and perform assignment operations on these values using PHP Assignment Operators.

PHP Program

Assignment Operators Tutorials

The following tutorials cover each of the Assignment Operators in PHP in detail with examples.

• PHP Simple Assignment
• PHP Addition Assignment
• PHP Subtraction Assignment
• PHP Multiplication Assignment
• PHP Division Assignment
• PHP Modulus Assignment

In this PHP Tutorial , we learned about all the Assignment Operators in PHP programming, with examples.

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PHP Assignment Operators

Php tutorial index.

PHP assignment operators applied to assign the result of an expression to a variable. = is a fundamental assignment operator in PHP. It means that the left operand gets set to the value of the assignment expression on the right.

• Language Reference

Variable functions

PHP supports the concept of variable functions. This means that if a variable name has parentheses appended to it, PHP will look for a function with the same name as whatever the variable evaluates to, and will attempt to execute it. Among other things, this can be used to implement callbacks, function tables, and so forth.

Variable functions won't work with language constructs such as echo , print , unset() , isset() , empty() , include , require and the like. Utilize wrapper functions to make use of any of these constructs as variable functions.

Example #1 Variable function example

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Assign/echo php file output to a php variable

I'm coding a live search for a lyrics upload form. I've created a small script which I'll be making AJAX calls to. It returns artist , album , and song records. The output JSON will be used in JS.

It's pretty simple. Designed for three cases:

• get_records.php // returns artists
• get_records.php?artist=XXX // returns albums of XXX
• get_records.php?artist=XXX&album=YYY // returns songs from the album YYY that belongs to XXX

In the form page, I want artists to be already assinged to a JS variable before any input. I don't want to use AJAX for that. One way I could make it work is like this:

but this just seems wrong. Is there a way to do it like this

you know, get the output of the php file, not it's content?

• 1 How about echo "var artists = " . file_get_contents("http://localhost/get_records.php") . ";"; ? –  revo Commented Jun 13, 2016 at 21:28
• @revo Already tried that. This just reads the contents of the file and returns it as a string. Doesn't execute the code inside the file. –  akinuri Commented Jun 13, 2016 at 21:33
• 1 this should work fine as is because you're including it inside a php file, so the output will be the output, not the contents of the php code. –  Jeff Puckett Commented Jun 13, 2016 at 21:36
• 1 file_get_contents() sends a request to a file hosted on your web server (like how you do that by typing in address bar and hitting enter!) then by that, requested PHP file is being interpreted, compiled and executed and finally, unless your web server is not up and running, you will have the right output . –  revo Commented Jun 13, 2016 at 21:37
• @revo a.php contents: <?php echo "printing ab.php output = " . file_get_contents("ab.php"); ?> | ab.php contents: <?php echo "ab"; ?> | a.php output: printing ab.php output = <?php echo "ab"; ?> –  akinuri Commented Jun 13, 2016 at 21:47

You can do this by putting your code inside a function and then call it from the other scripts as per your need.

Main script:

Ajax Script:

Form Script

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