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Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting – Case Solution

This case study describes the difficulties which the head of an environmental services and engineering consulting firm (Terra Nova Consulting) faces as the company seeks to address internal cultural divisions. Terra Nova Consulting, which began as a small boutique company, has expanded through internal growth and mergers to become an international professional services enterprise. Over time the company has drifted away from its values and principles. Its survival will depend on the ability to repair the culture damage and convince the next generation of employees to hold up the founders' vision and grow a shared vision.

​Ogata, Ken; Spraakman, Gary North American Case Research Association (NACRA) (NA0280) 01/01/2014

Case questions answered:

• Given its operating environment and the nature of its business, describe what type of organizational structure, strategy, decision-making styles (structural frame), professional personnel management (human resources frame), culture and artifacts (symbolic frame), and power relations (political frame) would be best suited for this firm and why? Be specific. Consider concepts learned from all frames.
• Discuss the challenges associated with managing professional workers and how Terra Nova’s strategy and structure may affect this. What actions could be taken to make Terra Nova more attractive to junior professionals? How would you bridge the gap between the junior and senior members?
• What is the need for change in Terra Nova? What are the barriers to change?
• Thinking about the possibility of developing a culture of change in Terra Nova, discuss the best model of change that they can use if they pretend to be a great company. Use the models suggested by Bolman and Deal and the materials included in Moodle to explain your position.
• Discuss (in detail) the problems faced by the leaders in this case. Use the leadership concepts and points of view reflected in all frames to approach this discussion (all frames should be included and properly and individually referred to in your discussion).

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Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Answers

Building community at terra nova consulting.

When embarking on the discussion regarding organizational structure, strategy, and decision-making styles, it is important to keep in mind the general attributes that make up the structural frame.

This frame, as explained by Bolman and Deal, reflects a mindset largely dependent on the fact that “a suitable array of formal roles and responsibilities will minimize distracting personal static and maximize people’s performance on the job” (2013).

By conforming to the assumptions that center around efficiency, objectives, coordination, rationality, and structure, Bolman and Deal explain the framework essential to creating an effective organization that provides results.

With the help of its two central tensions – differentiation and integration – we can restructure an organization towards a division of labor and coordination of efforts.

By providing a layout for the operations of a specific organization, the structural frame can either serve as a catalyst for effectiveness or as a detriment if the structure provided does not facilitate the work environment.

Terra Nova Consulting presents an organizational structure that lacks appropriate coordination and definition. In the case study, partners in the organization attempt to explain how they utilize a “flat organizational structure” largely composed of a fluidity, which includes various partners, managers, and other members of the staff directing efforts throughout various projects and offices.

While this supposed structure may be a good fit for the partners and managers, it presents a clear dilemma with the junior staff, who felt that there was “a need for more structure, including the codification of policies and procedures regarding things like professional development, equipment requests, and international assignments” (Ogata and Spraakman, 2014).

Although Terra Nova informally presents a structure composed of five components, a clear divide exists that segments the groups between a more experienced, tenured senior staff (including partners, project managers, etc.) and a new, inexperienced junior staff.

The first group seems to think that Terra Nova Consulting demonstrates a structure that encourages collaboration, but the second group is absolutely clear about the differences in power and respect that they hold. This inefficient structure produces a work environment that stagnates results and serves to drive away the same junior staff, which represents the future of Terra Nova.

The organization represents a divide when it comes to its strategy and decision-making, as they are overrun by a style where excellence prevails over financial stability, to the point where cost is deemed irrelevant, and employees are slow to collect on finished projects. Instead of focusing on the future of the company, some of the high-level employees are too cultured to change and allow their reputation to serve as a substitute for change.

By continuing to adhere to a structure largely resembling an adhocracy, characterized by “ambiguous authority structures, unclear objectives, and contradictory assignments of responsibility,” Terra Nova Consulting is creating an environment that does the opposite of stimulating creativity and results (2013).

Similarly, Terra Nova Consulting presents problems regarding its professional personnel management. Once again, seeing as this relates heavily to the human resources frame, keeping its characteristics in mind is pivotal to comprehending the happenings at the organization.

The human resources frame conveys people as its most important asset, depicting motivation, communication, and effective management as the ultimate tool for creating a great organization.

By satisfying human needs, establishing a good fit between organization and individual, and being a source of ideas and energy, the human resource manager effectively creates a work environment where communication and diversity are fostered.

In order to help identify the problems in Terra Nova Consulting, it hired an HR specialist firm, OCI Consulting.

One of the main faults regarding personnel management found in Terra Nova Consulting during the organizational assessment was the lack of work/life balance felt by the junior employees: “Although hard work, extended out-of-town fieldwork and pressure to meet client deadlines were accepted as parts of the job, younger staff were not prepared to sacrifice their personal lives for the firm” (Ogata and Spraakman, 2014).

Not only did these junior employees not feel empowered to sacrifice much of their time for their employer, but there was also a prevailing sense of unfair treatment from this group when compared to the senior management.

In the eyes of the younger staff, the firm was more concentrated on the partners than on the development of the staff who represented their future. These factors contributed to a dwindling sense of satisfaction, which culminated in the junior employees feeling that the odds of remaining throughout their career in Terra Nova Consulting were unlikely.

By not seeing a clear sense of career progression, it was obvious why a lot of these employees felt frustrated and unwilling to commit to Terra Nova Consulting.

The communication displayed by higher management was absolutely inefficient regardless of whether the firm actually felt a need to develop its younger talent. This lack of communication isolated one of the most important components of their organization.

The symbolic frame, which pertains to the culture and artifacts used in Terra Nova Consulting, receives its significance from…

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Product Description

Publication Date: January 01, 2014

Source: North American Case Research Association (NACRA)

Industry: Construction and engineering

Industry: Business consulting services

This case describes the challenges faced by the president of an engineering and environmental services consulting firm (Terra Nova Consulting) as it seeks to address deep internal cultural divisions. Terra Nova began as a small niche firm that has expanded through internal growth and mergers to become an elite, international professional services firm. It was founded upon certain values and principles, but has drifted away from these over time, such that younger members perceived a disconnect between its professed and actual culture. Survival as an elite firm will depend upon the ability to repair this divide and convince the next generation to continue the founders' vision or develop a new shared vision.

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Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Harvard Case Solution & Analysis

Home >> Business Case Studies >> Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

Introduction

Terra Nova has been a premier engineering consulting company which was been founded in 1970 by a group of 10 engineers. The first office was initially located in a 2 nd floor apartment on King Street in Canada. Terra Nova was founded by Adam Danyluk who specialized in geo technical engineering consultancy that has been related to the civil engineering projects.

The company has been benefiting from a series of highway projects that have required the specialization of ground engineering including the technical studies on the rock formations and the soil conditions (Ken & Gary, 2014).

Over the period of time, the company has expanded itself in other projects also. The company has continually diversified itself in other projects also where the company has been venturing into the bio science, wildlife habitat, archaeology, air engineering, etc. The company has been quite committed to serve the customers with high quality services.

Problem Statement

The major problem that has been identified in the case is that the company has been facing challenges regarding the internal cultural divisions. The company has been facing a disconnection where the younger members feel that they were not involved in the major decision making at the firm. Moreover, the young professionals were not willing to invest in the company. The retiring professionals were also divesting their investments (Ken & Gary, 2014).

Moreover, they had strong relationship with the customers and the new partners were facing difficulty in formalizing with the customers. Finally, as per the OCI Consultancy study, the cultural division amongst the partners and the junior professionals has also resulted in a highly negative organizational climate.

Analysis of Issues

            Terra Nova has been a renowned name in the market. It has been reaping in reasonable results in the past. The company had employed top notch employees from the industry who have been a part of the company. However, over a period of time, the profits have been declining and the company has been unable to hold on to the most talented individuals within the firm.

            The company has been unable to make the employees or the stakeholders become aligned to the change that has been proposed by the management. The company is planning to revamp the brand name and also the slogan for the company. The employees, however, have been resistant to the change and have shown their concerns over the decision (Ken & Gary, 2014).

Organization's change management model - Beckhard and Harris’s Change-Management Process model

The organizational change model that shall be appropriate within Terra Nova to make the customers accustomed to the change would be the Beck hard and Harris’s Change-Management Process model. The reason is simple; the company has to actually bring in change where it needs to focus on the younger generation to take over.

Beck hard and Harris’s Change-Management Process model is a three step model. The first step includes the focus on process. The second step of the model is the gap analysis. The final step of the change model presented by Beck hard and Harris is to manage the transition. The above three steps basically help in the successful integration of the business model where the company can bring in the desired change within the firm (Beckhard, R., 1987).

Along with this, the company has been facing cultural issues also. The retiring professionals are divesting their money out of the business. The management is also facing issues where the profits from several projects have not come.

Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Solution

Based on such issues, Terry has proposed the management to transform the company. He has proposed to rename the company as TNC, and the slogan as “The greatest minds on earth.” Since most of the partners and stakeholders have resisted the change, the model developed that is by Beck hard and Harris would be the most appropriate change process model in this situation.

In order to actually implement the model, the first step needs to be the assessment of the change. Since the profits have declined for Terra Nova, youngsters feel they are neglected, the cultural differences have also been quite evident therefore, and the company needs to find a change which can bring positive results. The negative attribute of the change is the fact that the change might not be taken positively by the older employees and they might resist the change (Beck hard, R., 1987)....................................................

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Case Description of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Study

This case describes the challenges faced by the president of an engineering and environmental services consulting firm (Terra Nova Consulting) as it seeks to address deep internal cultural divisions. Terra Nova began as a small niche firm that has expanded through internal growth and mergers to become an elite, international professional services firm. It was founded upon certain values and principles, but has drifted away from these over time, such that younger members perceived a disconnect between its professed and actual culture. Survival as an elite firm will depend upon the ability to repair this divide and convince the next generation to continue the founders' vision or develop a new shared vision.

Case Authors : Ken Ogata, Gary Spraakman

Topic : leadership & managing people, related areas : generational issues, influence, leadership transitions, managing people, organizational culture, organizational structure, work-life balance, what is the case study method how can you use it to write case solution for building community at terra nova consulting case study.

Almost all of the case studies contain well defined situations. MBA and EMBA professional can take advantage of these situations to - apply theoretical framework, recommend new processes, and use quantitative methods to suggest course of action. Awareness of the common situations can help MBA & EMBA professionals read the case study more efficiently, discuss it more effectively among the team members, narrow down the options, and write cogently.

Case Study Solution Approaches

Three Step Approach to Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Study Solution

The three step case study solution approach comprises – Conclusions – MBA & EMBA professionals should state their conclusions at the very start. It helps in communicating the points directly and the direction one took. Reasons – At the second stage provide the reasons for the conclusions. Why you choose one course of action over the other. For example why the change effort failed in the case and what can be done to rectify it. Or how the marketing budget can be better spent using social media rather than traditional media. Evidences – Finally you should provide evidences to support your reasons. It has to come from the data provided within the case study rather than data from outside world. Evidences should be both compelling and consistent. In case study method there is ‘no right’ answer, just how effectively you analyzed the situation based on incomplete information and multiple scenarios.

Case Study Solution of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

We write Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study solution using Harvard Business Review case writing framework & HBR Leadership & Managing People learning notes. We try to cover all the bases in the field of Leadership & Managing People, Generational issues, Influence, Leadership transitions, Managing people, Organizational culture, Organizational structure, Work-life balance and other related areas.

Objectives of using various frameworks in Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study solution

By using the above frameworks for Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study solutions, you can clearly draw conclusions on the following areas – What are the strength and weaknesses of Terra Nova (SWOT Analysis) What are external factors that are impacting the business environment (PESTEL Analysis) Should Terra Nova enter new market or launch new product (Opportunities & Threats from SWOT Analysis) What will be the expected profitability of the new products or services (Porter Five Forces Analysis) How it can improve the profitability in a given industry (Porter Value Chain Analysis) What are the resources needed to increase profitability (VRIO Analysis) Finally which business to continue, where to invest further and from which to get out (BCG Growth Share Analysis)

SWOT Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

SWOT analysis stands for – Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats. Strengths and Weaknesses are result of Terra Nova internal factors, while opportunities and threats arise from developments in external environment in which Terra Nova operates. SWOT analysis will help us in not only getting a better insight into Terra Nova present competitive advantage but also help us in how things have to evolve to maintain and consolidate the competitive advantage.

- High customer loyalty & repeat purchase among existing customers – Terra Nova old customers are still loyal to the firm even though it has limited success with millennial. I believe that Terra Nova can make a transition even by keeping these people on board.

- Experienced and successful leadership team – Terra Nova management team has been a success over last decade by successfully predicting trends in the industry.

- Little experience of international market – Even though it is a major player in local market, Terra Nova has little experience in international market. According to Ken Ogata, Gary Spraakman , Terra Nova needs international talent to penetrate into developing markets.

- Terra Nova business model can be easily replicated by competitors – According to Ken Ogata, Gary Spraakman , the business model of Terra Nova can be easily replicated by players in the industry.

Opportunities

- Lucrative Opportunities in International Markets – Globalization has led to opportunities in the international market. Terra Nova is in prime position to tap on those opportunities and grow the market share.

- Developments in Artificial Intelligence – Terra Nova can use developments in artificial intelligence to better predict consumer demand, cater to niche segments, and make better recommendation engines.

- Home market marketing technique won’t work in new markets such as India and China where scale is prized over profitability.

- Age and life-cycle segmentation of Terra Nova shows that the company still hasn’t able to penetrate the millennial market.

Once all the factors mentioned in the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study are organized based on SWOT analysis, just remove the non essential factors. This will help you in building a weighted SWOT analysis which reflects the real importance of factors rather than just tabulation of all the factors mentioned in the case.

What is PESTEL Analysis

PESTEL /PEST / STEP Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Study

PESTEL stands for – Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal factors that impact the macro environment in which Terra Nova operates in. Ken Ogata, Gary Spraakman provides extensive information about PESTEL factors in Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study.

Political Factors

- Little dangers of armed conflict – Based on the research done by international foreign policy institutions, it is safe to conclude that there is very little probability of country entering into an armed conflict with another state.

- Political consensus among various parties regarding taxation rate and investment policies. Over the years the country has progressively worked to lower the entry of barrier and streamline the tax structure.

Economic Factors

- According to Ken Ogata, Gary Spraakman . Terra Nova should closely monitor consumer disposable income level, household debt level, and level of efficiency of local financial markets.

- Foreign Exchange movement is also an indicator of economic stability. Terra Nova should closely consider the forex inflow and outflow. A number of Terra Nova competitors have lost money in countries such as Brazil, Argentina, and Venezuela due to volatile forex market.

Social Factors

- Leisure activities, social attitudes & power structures in society - are needed to be analyzed by Terra Nova before launching any new products as they will impact the demand of the products.

- Consumer buying behavior and consumer buying process – Terra Nova should closely follow the dynamics of why and how the consumers are buying the products both in existing categories and in segments that Terra Nova wants to enter.

Technological Factors

- Proliferation of mobile phones has created a generation whose primary tool of entertainment and information consumption is mobile phone. Terra Nova needs to adjust its marketing strategy accordingly.

- Artificial intelligence and machine learning will give rise to importance of speed over planning. Terra Nova needs to build strategies to operate in such an environment.

Environmental Factors

- Environmental regulations can impact the cost structure of Terra Nova. It can further impact the cost of doing business in certain markets.

- Consumer activism is significantly impacting Terra Nova branding, marketing and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives.

Legal Factors

- Property rights are also an area of concern for Terra Nova as it needs to make significant Generational issues, Influence, Leadership transitions, Managing people, Organizational culture, Organizational structure, Work-life balance infrastructure investment just to enter new market.

- Intellectual property rights are one area where Terra Nova can face legal threats in some of the markets it is operating in.

What are Porter Five Forces

Porter Five Forces Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

Competition among existing players, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, threat of new entrants, and threat of substitutes.

What is VRIO Analysis

VRIO Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

VRIO stands for – Value of the resource that Terra Nova possess, Rareness of those resource, Imitation Risk that competitors pose, and Organizational Competence of Terra Nova. VRIO and VRIN analysis can help the firm.

What is Porter Value Chain

Porter Value Chain Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

As the name suggests Value Chain framework is developed by Michael Porter in 1980’s and it is primarily used for analyzing Terra Nova relative cost and value structure. Managers can use Porter Value Chain framework to disaggregate various processes and their relative costs in the Terra Nova. This will help in answering – the related costs and various sources of competitive advantages of Terra Nova in the markets it operates in. The process can also be done to competitors to understand their competitive advantages and competitive strategies. According to Michael Porter – Competitive Advantage is a relative term and has to be understood in the context of rivalry within an industry. So Value Chain competitive benchmarking should be done based on industry structure and bottlenecks.

What is BCG Growth Share Matrix

BCG Growth Share Matrix of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

BCG Growth Share Matrix is very valuable tool to analyze Terra Nova strategic positioning in various sectors that it operates in and strategic options that are available to it. Product Market segmentation in BCG Growth Share matrix should be done with great care as there can be a scenario where Terra Nova can be market leader in the industry without being a dominant player or segment leader in any of the segment. BCG analysis should comprise not only growth share of industry & Terra Nova business unit but also Terra Nova - overall profitability, level of debt, debt paying capacity, growth potential, expansion expertise, dividend requirements from shareholders, and overall competitive strength. Two key considerations while using BCG Growth Share Matrix for Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study solution - How to calculate Weighted Average Market Share using BCG Growth Share Matrix Relative Weighted Average Market Share Vs Largest Competitor

5C Marketing Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

4p marketing analysis of building community at terra nova consulting, porter five forces analysis and solution of building community at terra nova consulting, porter value chain analysis and solution of building community at terra nova consulting, case memo & recommendation memo of building community at terra nova consulting, blue ocean analysis and solution of building community at terra nova consulting, marketing strategy and analysis building community at terra nova consulting, vrio /vrin analysis & solution of building community at terra nova consulting, pestel / step / pest analysis of building community at terra nova consulting, swot analysis and solution of building community at terra nova consulting, references & further readings.

Ken Ogata, Gary Spraakman (2018) , "Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Harvard Business Review Case Study. Published by HBR Publications.

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Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Analysis and Case Solution

Posted by Peter Williams on Aug-09-2018

Introduction of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Solution

The Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study is a Harvard Business Review case study, which presents a simulated practical experience to the reader allowing them to learn about real life problems in the business world. The Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case consisted of a central issue to the organization, which had to be identified, analysed and creative solutions had to be drawn to tackle the issue. This paper presents the solved Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case analysis and case solution. The method through which the analysis is done is mentioned, followed by the relevant tools used in finding the solution.

The case solution first identifies the central issue to the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case study, and the relevant stakeholders affected by this issue. This is known as the problem identification stage. After this, the relevant tools and models are used, which help in the case study analysis and case study solution. The tools used in identifying the solution consist of the SWOT Analysis, Porter Five Forces Analysis, PESTEL Analysis, VRIO analysis, Value Chain Analysis, BCG Matrix analysis, Ansoff Matrix analysis, and the Marketing Mix analysis. The solution consists of recommended strategies to overcome this central issue. It is a good idea to also propose alternative case study solutions, because if the main solution is not found feasible, then the alternative solutions could be implemented. Lastly, a good case study solution also includes an implementation plan for the recommendation strategies. This shows how through a step-by-step procedure as to how the central issue can be resolved.

Problem Identification of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Solution

Harvard Business Review cases involve a central problem that is being faced by the organization and these problems affect a number of stakeholders. In the problem identification stage, the problem faced by Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting is identified through reading of the case. This could be mentioned at the start of the reading, the middle or the end. At times in a case analysis, the problem may be clearly evident in the reading of the HBR case. At other times, finding the issue is the job of the person analysing the case. It is also important to understand what stakeholders are affected by the problem and how. The goals of the stakeholders and are the organization are also identified to ensure that the case study analysis are consistent with these.

Analysis of the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting HBR Case Study

The objective of the case should be focused on. This is doing the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Solution. This analysis can be proceeded in a step-by-step procedure to ensure that effective solutions are found.

• In the first step, a growth path of the company can be formulated that lays down its vision, mission and strategic aims. These can usually be developed using the company history is provided in the case. Company history is helpful in a Business Case study as it helps one understand what the scope of the solutions will be for the case study.
• The next step is of understanding the company; its people, their priorities and the overall culture. This can be done by using company history. It can also be done by looking at anecdotal instances of managers or employees that are usually included in an HBR case study description to give the reader a real feel of the situation.
• Lastly, a timeline of the issues and events in the case needs to be made. Arranging events in a timeline allows one to predict the next few events that are likely to take place. It also helps one in developing the case study solutions. The timeline also helps in understanding the continuous challenges that are being faced by the organisation.

SWOT analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

An important tool that helps in addressing the central issue of the case and coming up with Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting HBR case solution is the SWOT analysis.

• The SWOT analysis is a strategic management tool that lists down in the form of a matrix, an organisation's internal strengths and weaknesses, and external opportunities and threats. It helps in the strategic analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting.
• Once this listing has been done, a clearer picture can be developed in regards to how strategies will be formed to address the main problem. For example, strengths will be used as an advantage in solving the issue.

Therefore, the SWOT analysis is a helpful tool in coming up with the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Study answers. One does not need to remain restricted to using the traditional SWOT analysis, but the advanced TOWS matrix or weighted average SWOT analysis can also be used.

Porter Five Forces Analysis for Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

Another helpful tool in finding the case solutions is of Porter's Five Forces analysis. This is also a strategic tool that is used to analyse the competitive environment of the industry in which Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting operates in. Analysis of the industry is important as businesses do not work in isolation in real life, but are affected by the business environment of the industry that they operate in. Harvard Business case studies represent real-life situations, and therefore, an analysis of the industry's competitive environment needs to be carried out to come up with more holistic case study solutions. In Porter's Five Forces analysis, the industry is analysed along 5 dimensions.

• These are the threats that the industry faces due to new entrants.
• It includes the threat of substitute products.
• It includes the bargaining power of buyers in the industry.
• It includes the bargaining power of suppliers in an industry.
• Lastly, the overall rivalry or competition within the industry is analysed.

This tool helps one understand the relative powers of the major players in the industry and its overall competitive dynamics. Actionable and practical solutions can then be developed by keeping these factors into perspective.

PESTEL Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

Another helpful tool that should be used in finding the case study solutions is the PESTEL analysis. This also looks at the external business environment of the organisation helps in finding case study Analysis to real-life business issues as in HBR cases.

• The PESTEL analysis particularly looks at the macro environmental factors that affect the industry. These are the political, environmental, social, technological, environmental and legal (regulatory) factors affecting the industry.
• Factors within each of these 6 should be listed down, and analysis should be made as to how these affect the organisation under question.
• These factors are also responsible for the future growth and challenges within the industry. Hence, they should be taken into consideration when coming up with the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case solution.

VRIO Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

This is an analysis carried out to know about the internal strengths and capabilities of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting. Under the VRIO analysis, the following steps are carried out:

• The internal resources of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting are listed down.
• Each of these resources are assessed in terms of the value it brings to the organization.
• Each resource is assessed in terms of how rare it is. A rare resource is one that is not commonly used by competitors.
• Each resource is assessed whether it could be imitated by competition easily or not.
• Lastly, each resource is assessed in terms of whether the organization can use it to an advantage or not.

The analysis done on the 4 dimensions; Value, Rareness, Imitability, and Organization. If a resource is high on all of these 4, then it brings long-term competitive advantage. If a resource is high on Value, Rareness, and Imitability, then it brings an unused competitive advantage. If a resource is high on Value and Rareness, then it only brings temporary competitive advantage. If a resource is only valuable, then it’s a competitive parity. If it’s none, then it can be regarded as a competitive disadvantage.

Value Chain Analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

The Value chain analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting helps in identifying the activities of an organization, and how these add value in terms of cost reduction and differentiation. This tool is used in the case study analysis as follows:

• The firm’s primary and support activities are listed down.
• Identifying the importance of these activities in the cost of the product and the differentiation they produce.
• Lastly, differentiation or cost reduction strategies are to be used for each of these activities to increase the overall value provided by these activities.

Recognizing value creating activities and enhancing the value that they create allow Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting to increase its competitive advantage.

BCG Matrix of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

The BCG Matrix is an important tool in deciding whether an organization should invest or divest in its strategic business units. The matrix involves placing the strategic business units of a business in one of four categories; question marks, stars, dogs and cash cows. The placement in these categories depends on the relative market share of the organization and the market growth of these strategic business units. The steps to be followed in this analysis is as follows:

• Identify the relative market share of each strategic business unit.
• Identify the market growth of each strategic business unit.
• Place these strategic business units in one of four categories. Question Marks are those strategic business units with high market share and low market growth rate. Stars are those strategic business units with high market share and high market growth rate. Cash Cows are those strategic business units with high market share and low market growth rate. Dogs are those strategic business units with low market share and low growth rate.
• Relevant strategies should be implemented for each strategic business unit depending on its position in the matrix.

The strategies identified from the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting BCG matrix and included in the case pdf. These are either to further develop the product, penetrate the market, develop the market, diversification, investing or divesting.

Ansoff Matrix of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

Ansoff Matrix is an important strategic tool to come up with future strategies for Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting in the case solution. It helps decide whether an organization should pursue future expansion in new markets and products or should it focus on existing markets and products.

• The organization can penetrate into existing markets with its existing products. This is known as market penetration strategy.
• The organization can develop new products for the existing market. This is known as product development strategy.
• The organization can enter new markets with its existing products. This is known as market development strategy.
• The organization can enter into new markets with new products. This is known as a diversification strategy.

The choice of strategy depends on the analysis of the previous tools used and the level of risk the organization is willing to take.

Marketing Mix of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting needs to bring out certain responses from the market that it targets. To do so, it will need to use the marketing mix, which serves as a tool in helping bring out responses from the market. The 4 elements of the marketing mix are Product, Price, Place and Promotions. The following steps are required to carry out a marketing mix analysis and include this in the case study analysis.

• Analyse the company’s products and devise strategies to improve the product offering of the company.
• Analyse the company’s price points and devise strategies that could be based on competition, value or cost.
• Analyse the company’s promotion mix. This includes the advertisement, public relations, personal selling, sales promotion, and direct marketing. Strategies will be devised which makes use of a few or all of these elements.
• Analyse the company’s distribution and reach. Strategies can be devised to improve the availability of the company’s products.

Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Blue Ocean Strategy

The strategies devised and included in the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case memo should have a blue ocean strategy. A blue ocean strategy is a strategy that involves firms seeking uncontested market spaces, which makes the competition of the company irrelevant. It involves coming up with new and unique products or ideas through innovation. This gives the organization a competitive advantage over other firms, unlike a red ocean strategy.

Competitors analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting

The PESTEL analysis discussed previously looked at the macro environmental factors affecting business, but not the microenvironmental factors. One of the microenvironmental factors are competitors, which are addressed by a competitor analysis. The Competitors analysis of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting looks at the direct and indirect competitors within the industry that it operates in.

• This involves a detailed analysis of their actions and how these would affect the future strategies of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting.
• It involves looking at the current market share of the company and its competitors.
• It should compare the marketing mix elements of competitors, their supply chain, human resources, financial strength etc.
• It also should look at the potential opportunities and threats that these competitors pose on the company.

Organisation of the Analysis into Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Study Solution

Once various tools have been used to analyse the case, the findings of this analysis need to be incorporated into practical and actionable solutions. These solutions will also be the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case answers. These are usually in the form of strategies that the organisation can adopt. The following step-by-step procedure can be used to organise the Harvard Business case solution and recommendations:

• The first step of the solution is to come up with a corporate level strategy for the organisation. This part consists of solutions that address issues faced by the organisation on a strategic level. This could include suggestions, changes or recommendations to the company's vision, mission and its strategic objectives. It can include recommendations on how the organisation can work towards achieving these strategic objectives. Furthermore, it needs to be explained how the stated recommendations will help in solving the main issue mentioned in the case and where the company will stand in the future as a result of these.
• The second step of the solution is to come up with a business level strategy. The HBR case studies may present issues faced by a part of the organisation. For example, the issues may be stated for marketing and the role of a marketing manager needs to be assumed. So, recommendations and suggestions need to address the strategy of the marketing department in this case. Therefore, the strategic objectives of this business unit (Marketing) will be laid down in the solutions and recommendations will be made as to how to achieve these objectives. Similar would be the case for any other business unit or department such as human resources, finance, IT etc. The important thing to note here is that the business level strategy needs to be aligned with the overall corporate strategy of the organisation. For example, if one suggests the organisation to focus on differentiation for competitive advantage as a corporate level strategy, then it can't be recommended for the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Study Solution that the business unit should focus on costs.
• The third step is not compulsory but depends from case to case. In some HBR case studies, one may be required to analyse an issue at a department. This issue may be analysed for a manager or employee as well. In these cases, recommendations need to be made for these people. The solution may state that objectives that these people need to achieve and how these objectives would be achieved.

The case study analysis and solution, and Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case answers should be written down in the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case memo, clearly identifying which part shows what. The Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case should be in a professional format, presenting points clearly that are well understood by the reader.

Alternate solution to the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting HBR case study

It is important to have more than one solution to the case study. This is the alternate solution that would be implemented if the original proposed solution is found infeasible or impossible due to a change in circumstances. The alternate solution for Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting is presented in the same way as the original solution, where it consists of a corporate level strategy, business level strategy and other recommendations.

Implementation of Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Case Solution

The case study does not end at just providing recommendations to the issues at hand. One is also required to provide how these recommendations would be implemented. This is shown through a proper implementation framework. A detailed implementation framework helps in distinguishing between an average and an above average case study answer. A good implementation framework shows the proposed plan and how the organisations' resources would be used to achieve the objectives. It also lays down the changes needed to be made as well as the assumptions in the process.

• A proper implementation framework shows that one has clearly understood the case study and the main issue within it.
• It shows that one has been clarified with the HBR fundamentals on the topic.
• It shows that the details provided in the case have been properly analysed.
• It shows that one has developed an ability to prioritise recommendations and how these could be successfully implemented.
• The implementation framework also helps by removing out any recommendations that are not practical or actionable as these could not be implemented. Therefore, the implementation framework ensures that the solution to the Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting Harvard case is complete and properly answered.

Recommendations and Action Plan for Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting case analysis

For Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting, based on the SWOT Analysis, Porter Five Forces Analysis, PESTEL Analysis, VRIO analysis, Value Chain Analysis, BCG Matrix analysis, Ansoff Matrix analysis, and the Marketing Mix analysis, the recommendations and action plan are as follows:

• Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting should focus on making use of its strengths identified from the VRIO analysis to make the most of the opportunities identified from the PESTEL.
• Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting should enhance the value creating activities within its value chain.
• Building Community at Terra Nova Consulting should invest in its stars and cash cows, while getting rid of the dogs identified from the BCG Matrix analysis.
• To achieve its overall corporate and business level objectives, it should make use of the marketing mix tools to obtain desired results from its target market.

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White Square: A Perfect Storm in Moscow

Brian Patterson was the lead developer of a large office project in Moscow when the global financial crisis hit. His project, which had looked like it would be jaw-droppingly profitable just months before, was suddenly thrown into turmoil, and he faced trouble on all fronts. His local development partner wanted to sell in order to shore up its failing balance sheet, his world-class anchor tenant suddenly reneged on its pre-lease agreement, the contractor was running months behind schedule, and the project’s bank was looking for any excuse to pull the construction loan.

Just months earlier, the project pro forma had projected hundreds of millions of dollars in profit. Suddenly there were serious questions around whether the project could even be completed. And if it could, what rent and cap rate values could be assumed to determine if it made sense to continue development? Patterson needed to make some assumptions to determine whether or not to accept a sale offer that had been drudged up by his local partner. And if he decided to turn down the sale offer, he needed to find a way forward through a maze of (i) diverging interests amongst his partners and (ii) project development problems.

As the economic and financial system faced global turmoil and threatened collapse, Patterson had to decide whether to keep developing the project – at significant risk to both the project and his personal career – or to sell for a modest profit and live to fight another day.

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